Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Which of the following shows the correct flow of energy for the Sun and the living things in the table?

• ladybug → grass → owl → finch → Sun

• Sun → owl → finch → ladybug → grass

• grass → finch → ladybug → Sun → owl

• Sun → grass → ladybug → finch → owl

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How would a reduction in the snail population affect this ecosystem?

• It would cause decreased competition between spiders and owls.

• It would cause increased competition between grasshoppers and beetles.

• It would cause increased competition between wood mice and shrews.

• It would cause decreased competition between spiders and wood mice.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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Read the passage about the West African black rhinoceros. The West African black rhinoceros became extinct in 2011. Before they became extinct, these rhinos could be found across central and western Africa. They had gray skin and pointy lips, and they ate many kinds of plants. They took shelter from the Sun during the day, and they ate in the evening. For protection from the Sun and insects, they found watering holes and rolled in mud. People used their horns for medicine and decoration. 

Which is the most likely reason the West African black rhinoceros became extinct?

• They could no longer find food.

• Their habitats were destroyed.

• They were hunted by humans for their horns.

• The watering holes where they got mud dried up.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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Competition between two species is occurring when

• a crow feeds on the remains of a rabbit killed on the road.

• a lion stalks and kills an antelope in a savannah.

• mold grows on a tree that has fallen in the forest.

• chipmunks and squirrels search for seeds in a garden.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

What is the name for an animal that is eaten by another animal?

• producer

• decomposer

• predator

• prey

What type of relationship exists between the honeyguide and the honey badger? (Guide shows them where they honey is, badger opens it for them so both benefit)

• commensal

• mutualistic

• parasitic

• competition

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

The picture shows a food web in the mountains of Georgia.

• The sun is at the top of the food web.

• The bear is a primary producer.

• The rabbit is a consumer.

• The mushrooms are producers.

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Which best describes a food web?

• a less complex food chain that shows how producers gain their energy from the Sun

• a more complex food chain that shows how organisms are able to digest their nutrients

• a combination of food chains that show how organisms interact to get their required energy and matter

• a single food chain that shows how organisms interact to get their required energy and matter

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which type of organisms are found at the base of an energy pyramid?

• Carnivores

• Producers

• Herbivores

• Scavengers

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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Which best describes the organisms that would recycle decaying matter back into the mountain ecosystem?

• The mushrooms because they are decomposers and break down matter to return to the ecosystem.

• The Sun because it provides all the energy required for the organisms to return matter to the ecosystem.

• The deer because they are consumers and break down the matter from producers to return to the ecosystem.

• The berries and flowers because they are producers and are broken down for multiple consumers in the ecosystem.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3