Chapter 5 The Judicial Branch Test Civics

Which branch is responsible for punishing pirates?

• Legislative (required in all cases except open-ended & draw questions)
• Executive
• Judicial
• Text for option 4 (optional)
• Text for option 5 (optional)

Answer explanation

Explanation for the answer (optional)

What was the significance of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison (1830)?

• It gave the Court the power to mediate disputes between different states.
• It gave the Court original jurisdiction in disputes involving foreign governments.
• It established the right of the Court to advise Congress in advance on the validity of proposed laws.
• It established the power of the Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.

Which statement describes the significance of Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?

• States could no longer have racial quotas as part of their affirmative action programs.
• Individuals accused of serious crimes unable to pay for an attorney were entitled to a state-sponsored one.
• Suspects had to be told of their right to have an attorney present or to remain silent during police interrogations.
• Southern states could no longer maintain racially segregated public schools.

Based on this reasoning, what did the Supreme Court conclude in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)?

• The practice of slavery clearly violates the U.S. Constitution, but African Americans still have no rights in court.
• African Americans have a right to file lawsuits in Northern states but not in Southern states.
• The Court has no jurisdiction over the case because an African American has no right to sue in federal court.
• African Americans should seek justice in the state courts rather than in the federal courts.

Which statement identifies the social impact of Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

• It overturned the earlier decision of Gideon v. Wainwright.
• It overturned racial segregation in public schools.
• It upheld state laws requiring racial segregation on railroad cars.
• It upheld state laws requiring the payment of poll taxes to vote.

In which U.S. Supreme Court decision did Chief Justice John Marshall establish the power to invalidate a law conflicting with the Constitution?

• U.S. v. Nixon
• Marbury v. Madison
• Miranda v. Arizona
• Brown v. Board of Education

What lesson did state courts learn from Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?

• A person accused of a felony who cannot afford an attorney is entitled to have one appointed by the court.
• Minors are entitled to many of the same "due process" rights as adults.
• Suspects must be informed of their 5th and 6th Amendment rights prior to police interrogation.
• Evidence cannot be presented if obtained by police in an unlawful search.

Which conclusion did the Court draw from In re Gault (1967)? "From the inception of the juvenile court system, wide differences have been tolerated. between the procedural rights accorded to adults and those of juveniles. nI practically all jurisdictions, there are rights granted to adults, which are withheld from juveniles. ... [History has again demonstrated that unbridled discretion, however benevolently motivated, si frequently a poor substitute for principle and procedure.... "

• Suspects must be informed of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights prior to being questioned by police.
• States must provide minors accused of crimes with most of the same "due process" rights given to adults.
• Evidence cannot be presented if obtained by police in an unlawful search.
• A person accused of a felony who is unable to afford an attorney is entitled to have one provided by the court.

What was the impact on society of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)? "We consider the underlying fallacy of the plaintiff's argument to consist in the assumption that the enforced separation of the two races stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority. If this be so, it si not by reason of anything found in the act, but solely because the colored race chooses to put that construction upon it. If the civil and political rights of both races be equal, one cannot be inferior to the other civilly or politically. If one race be inferior to the other socially, the constitution of the United States cannot put them upon the same plane. "

• State governments had to ensure the economic and social equality of their residents.
• Racial segregation remained in place in the South for another half century.
• State governments no longer had to provide equal facilities to members of different races.
• Southern state governments were forced to end their practice of racial segregation.

Which conclusion can be drawn from the events shown about amendments and cases?

• State courts are not required to follow the decisions of the Supreme Court.
• The Supreme Court"s interpretation of the Constitution may be changed by later decisions or amendments.
• The institution of slavery and racial segregation were both ended by Supreme Court decisions.
• The Supreme Court has never reversed its earlier decisions.