AP Stat Vocabulary

When two variables are associated so their effects cannot be separated

• response bias

• confounding

• undercoverage

• bias

sampling design that requires dividing the population into strata and random samples are drawn from each stratum

• simple random sample

• cluster sample

• stratified random sample

• convenience sample

the assigning of individuals at random to treatments using a chance process

• random sampling

• block design

• random assignment

• matched pairs

when an observed difference is too large to believe that it is likely to have occurred naturally

• placebo effect

• completely randomized design

• statistically significant

• replication

What does this symbol represent?

• mean of the parameter

• mean of a population

• mean of a sample

• mean of a proportion

What does this symbol represent?

• sample mean

• population standard deviation

• population mean

• sample mew

subjects who are similar in ways are grouped together and them compared with each other on the variable of interest

• matched pairs

• strata

• cluster

• control group

groups of similar individuals in a sample

• cluster

• block

• strata

• experimental units

n individuals chosen in such a way that each group of n has an equal chance of being the sample selected

• stratified random sample

• convenience sample

• simple random sample

• cluster sample

observes individuals and measures variables of interest only

• experiment

• survey

• random sampling

• observational study