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Part of the CPU that performs mathematical operations on data e.g. addition, subtraction

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
• Accumulator
• Registers
• Read Only Memory (ROM)

Component of the CPU that directs operation of the processor

• Control Unit (CU)
• Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
• Assembler
• Interpreter

Small amounts of high-speed memory within the CPU

• Registers
• BIOS
• Program Counter (PC)
• Virtual memory

Holds memory addresses for data or instructions about to be used by the CPU

• Memory Address Register (MAR)
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
• Flash memory

Holds the contents found at the address held in the mar, or data which is being transferred to or from memory

• Memory Data Register (MDR)
• Fetch
• Read Only Memory (ROM)
• Volatile

Stores results of calculations in the ALU

• Accumulator
• Embedded system
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Virtual memory

Holds memory address of the instruction for each cycle

• Program Counter (PC)
• Accumulator
• BIOS
• Registers

The next instruction is retrieved by the CPU from memory

• Fetch
• Cache
• Execute
• Decode

The instruction is broken down and decoded so computer can execute it

• Decode
• Encryption
• Fetch
• Execute

The CPU performs the instruction

• Execute
• Decode
• Compression
• Fetch