Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau on Government

What event in 1649 led to a change in who would rule England?

• The Glorious Revolution

• The English Civil War

• The execution of Charles I

• The signing of the Magna Carta

Who wrote 'The Leviathan'?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Niccolò Machiavelli

According to Hobbes, what was the state of nature like for individuals?

• A state of peace and harmony

• A state of war and conflict

• A state of economic prosperity

• A state of political stability

Hobbes borrowed which concept from English contract law?

• Natural Rights

• Social Contract

• Divine Right of Kings

• Separation of Powers

Hobbes warned against the church meddling with the king’s government because:

• it would lead to religious conflicts.

• it would undermine the king's authority.

• it would strengthen the church's power.

• it would create political instability.

John Locke argued about natural rights that they are:

• granted by the government

• inherent and inalienable

• only applicable to certain individuals

• subject to change based on laws

In what year did Montesquieu publish 'The Spirit of the Laws'?

• 1722

• 1748

• 1755

• 1689

Montesquieu believed that the state of nature was a condition where individuals were fearful and avoided violence and war.

• A condition of constant war and violence

• A peaceful and harmonious state

• A condition where individuals were fearful and avoided violence and war

• A state of complete freedom and equality

According to Rousseau, what happened when people began to claim ownership of property?

• It led to the establishment of social inequality.

• It resulted in universal happiness.

• It caused the end of wars.

• It promoted global peace.

What is the opening line of Rousseau's 'The Social Contract'?

• "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains."

• "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles."

• "All men are created equal."

• "To be, or not to be, that is the question."