Protein Synthesis

Actin is a protein that helps the cell maintain its shape and polarity. It also plays a major role in muscle contraction. A table summarizing the cellular functions of different types of proteins is shown.

Based on this information, actin is most likely —

• an enzyme protein

• a structural protein

• a messenger protein

• a transport protein

A student athlete wants to choose a drink that will provide quick energy for track practice.

Which portion of the label should provide the athlete with information about the amount of quick energy in the drink?

Select ONE correct answer.

• Calories

• Total Fat

• Sodium

• Total Carb

• Protein

Which table correctly identifies the function of each type of RNA?

• A) Transfer RNA: Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes;

  Ribosomal RNA: A component of ribosomes that helps catalyze protein synthesis;

  Messenger RNA: Brings amino acids to growing polypeptides in ribosomes.

• B) Transfer RNA: A component of ribosomes that helps catalyze protein synthesis;

  Ribosomal RNA: Brings amino acids to growing polypeptides in ribosomes;

  Messenger RNA: Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.

• C) Transfer RNA: Brings amino acids to growing polypeptides in ribosomes; Ribosomal RNA: A component of ribosomes that helps catalyze protein synthesis;

  Messenger RNA: Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.

• D) Transfer RNA: Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes;

  Ribosomal RNA: Brings amino acids to growing polypeptides in ribosomes;

  Messenger RNA: A component of ribosomes that helps catalyze protein synthesis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is the amino acid sequence that will be translated from the mRNA sequence?

• Threonine - Isoleucine - Serine - Tryptophan

• Cysteine - Tyrosine - Arginine - Threonine

• Serine - Methionine - Tyrosine - Tryptophan

• Proline - Arginine - Histidine - Arginine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which description identifies the purpose of Step A in this process?

• To correct mutations in the DNA sequence

• To produce an exact copy of the DNA molecule

• To copy the DNA of a gene sequence onto a strand of mRNA

• To assist in the folding of a protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A model of transcription and a codon chart are shown. Which amino acid would be coded first from the DNA strand being transcribed?

• Cys

• Phe

• Ile

• Met

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What amino acid sequence is encoded in the partial DNA segment?

• Serine – Threonine – Tyrosine

• Serine – Serine – Tyrosine

• Serine – Threonine – Methionine

• Serine – Alanine – Methionine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Students are modeling mRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Which answer choice correctly describes the model of the mRNA strand being transcribed?

• The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine.

• The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

• The mRNA strand is an exact copy of the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine.

• The mRNA strand is an exact copy of the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

Which process is responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell?

• Photosynthesis

• Replication

• Transcription

• Translation

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.

• It modifies proteins after synthesis.

• It forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.