Understanding TCP/IP Concepts

What are the four layers of the TCP/IP model?

• Application, Network, Transport, Physical

• Network, Internet, Link, Session

• Session, Transport, Internet, Data Link

• Application, Transport, Internet, Network Interface

Explain the purpose of an IP address.

• The purpose of an IP address is to identify and locate devices on a network.

• To serve as a physical address for mail delivery.

• To encrypt data transmitted over the internet.

• To provide a unique username for each user.

What is subnetting and why is it used?

• Subnetting is a technique for merging multiple networks into one.

• Subnetting is used to eliminate the need for IP addresses.

• Subnetting is used to create smaller networks within a larger network for better management, performance, and security.

• Subnetting is a method to increase the size of a network.

List two key differences between TCP and UDP.

• 1. TCP is connection-oriented; UDP is connectionless. 2. TCP provides reliable data transmission; UDP does not guarantee delivery.

• TCP is faster than UDP.

• UDP is more secure than TCP.

• TCP can send data in packets while UDP cannot.

What is the role of a routing protocol in TCP/IP?

• To encrypt data packets during transmission.

• To manage user authentication across networks.

• The role of a routing protocol in TCP/IP is to facilitate the exchange of routing information between routers to determine the optimal path for data transmission.

• To provide a graphical interface for network management.

Name a common routing protocol used in TCP/IP networks.

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

• Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

• Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

How does NAT enhance network security in TCP/IP?

• NAT improves network speed by increasing bandwidth.

• NAT allows direct access to internal servers from the internet.

• NAT eliminates the need for firewalls in a network.

• NAT enhances network security by hiding internal IP addresses and controlling traffic flow.

What is the function of a firewall in a TCP/IP network?

• To manage user permissions for accessing files on the network.

• The function of a firewall is to protect a network by filtering traffic and preventing unauthorized access.

• To enhance network speed by increasing bandwidth.

• To provide a backup for data storage in the network.

Describe a technique for troubleshooting TCP/IP connectivity issues.

• Restart the router to fix all issues.

• Use the 'ftp' command to transfer files.

• Check the DNS settings for incorrect entries.

• Use the 'ping' command to test connectivity and 'tracert' to identify where the connection fails.

What command can be used to check the IP configuration of a device?

• netstat

• ipconfig (Windows) / ifconfig (Linux, macOS)

• tracert

• ping