What is the correct way to declare a variable in Python?

• var x : int = 10

• x := 10

• let x = 10

• x = 10

Answer explanation

In Python, variables are declared using the assignment operator '='. The correct choice 'x = 10' assigns the value 10 to the variable x. The other options use syntax from different programming languages.

Which of the following is a valid Prolog fact?

• cat(tom)

• cat(tom).

• fish(nemo)

• dog(buddy)

Answer explanation

The correct Prolog fact is 'cat(tom).' because it ends with a period, which is required to denote the end of a fact. The other options either lack the period or are not formatted as valid facts.

How do you create a list in Python?

• You create a list in Python using curly braces, e.g., my_list = {}.

• You create a list in Python using square brackets, e.g., my_list = [] or my_list = [1, 2, 3].

• You create a list in Python by using parentheses, e.g., my_list = (1, 2, 3).

• You create a list in Python by calling the list() function, e.g., my_list = list(1, 2, 3).

Answer explanation

In Python, lists are created using square brackets. For example, my_list = [] creates an empty list, while my_list = [1, 2, 3] creates a list with elements. The other options describe different data structures or incorrect syntax.

What is the purpose of the 'import' statement in Python?

• To create a new variable in Python.

• To include external modules or libraries in a Python script.

• To execute a Python script from the command line.

• To define a function in Python.

Answer explanation

The 'import' statement in Python is used to include external modules or libraries, allowing access to their functions and classes. This is essential for code reuse and leveraging existing code, making it the correct choice.

Which operator is used for equality comparison in Prolog?

• =

• ===

• equals

• ==

Answer explanation

In Prolog, the operator '=' is used for equality comparison, allowing you to check if two terms are equal. The other options, '===', 'equals', and '==' are not valid for this purpose in Prolog.

What is the output of the following Python code: print(2 ** 3)?

• 9

• 8

• 6

• 4

Answer explanation

The code print(2 ** 3) calculates 2 raised to the power of 3. This equals 2 * 2 * 2, which is 8. Therefore, the correct answer is 8.

How do you define a predicate in Prolog?

• A predicate in Prolog is defined as 'predicate_name{arguments}'.

• A predicate in Prolog is defined using the syntax 'predicate_name(arguments).'.

• A predicate in Prolog is expressed with 'predicate_name: arguments.'

• A predicate in Prolog is created using 'define predicate_name(arguments)'.

Answer explanation

A predicate in Prolog is defined using the syntax 'predicate_name(arguments).'. This format clearly indicates the predicate name followed by its arguments enclosed in parentheses, ending with a period.

Which Python library is commonly used for data manipulation?

• Matplotlib

• Pandas

• Scikit-learn

• NumPy

Answer explanation

Pandas is the primary library for data manipulation in Python, providing data structures like DataFrames that make it easy to handle and analyze data. Other libraries like NumPy and Matplotlib serve different purposes.

What is the syntax for a Prolog query?

• predicate(arguments)[]

• predicate:arguments.

• predicate(arguments).

• predicate{arguments}

Answer explanation

The correct syntax for a Prolog query is 'predicate(arguments).'. This format includes the predicate followed by its arguments in parentheses, ending with a period, which signifies the end of the query.

How do you handle exceptions in Python?

• Use if-else statements to manage errors.

• Log errors without handling them.

• Ignore exceptions and continue execution.

• Use try-except blocks to handle exceptions.

Answer explanation

In Python, exceptions are handled using try-except blocks, allowing you to catch and manage errors gracefully. This approach prevents program crashes and enables you to respond to errors appropriately.