ESS1.1 - Universe TCAP Review

A scientist studies the light from a distant galaxy. The light from the galaxy shows a shift to longer wavelengths. What can the scientist conclude about the galaxy?

• The galaxy is orbiting faster than the Milky Way.

• The galaxy is moving closer to Earth.

• The galaxy is stationary in the universe.

• The galaxy is moving farther away from Earth.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

A researcher studies the light emitted by a distant star. The researcher finds that the light received from the star falls slightly closer to the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum when compared to a similar source closer to Earth. The researcher claims that the star is moving away from Earth. Is the researcher correct?

• No. All hot stars emit red-colored light.

• Yes. All moving objects emit red-colored light.

• No. The red-colored light emission is due to the composition of the star.

• Yes. Light from any object moving away from Earth shifts to red-colored light.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

A student creates a model by placing raisins in bread dough and allowing the dough to rise for several hours. The student claims that the model accurately describes the motion of the galaxies in the universe. What evidence from the model supports the student’s claim?

• As the dough rises, the size of the raisins increases, resembling the expansion of the galaxies.

• As the dough rises, the distance between the raisins decreases, indicating that the galaxies will collide.

• As the dough rises, the size of the raisins decreases, resembling the emission of light from stars.

• As the dough rises, the distance between the raisins increases, indicating that the galaxies are moving apart.

What phenomenon was discovered by early astronomers and used by Hubble to confirm that the universe is expanding?

• The light emitted by the galaxies becomes brighter as they move away from one another.

• The light emitted by the galaxies becomes whiter as they move away from one another.

• The wavelength of the light emitted by the galaxies shifts to the blue region of the spectrum as the galaxies move away from one another.

• The wavelength of the light emitted by the galaxies shifts to the red region of the spectrum as the galaxies move away from one another.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The diagram shows two readings of the spectral lines emitted from the same star in a galaxy. Based on the diagram, students list claims and details in a table. Which claim is correct, and why?

• Claim 1; spectral lines can be obtained only from the stars that emit light towards the red end of the spectrum.

• Claim 2; large galaxies only produce light that shows spectral lines towards the red end of the spectrum.

• Claim 3; galaxies move apart as the universe expands, which shifts the light towards the red end of the spectrum.

• Claim 4; the wavelengths of light emitted from cool surfaces are long, which shifts the light towards the red end of the spectrum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

How should the student change the model to show the expansion of the universe?

• Increase the sizes of the cubes, and decrease the lengths of the rods.

• Decrease the sizes of the cubes, and decrease the lengths of the rods.

• Increase the lengths of the rods, and leave the sizes of the cubes the same.

• Increase the sizes of the cubes, and leave the lengths of the rods the same.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Which type of stars are the hottest and dimmest?

• blue giants

• red giants

• red supergiants

• white dwarfs

Scientists suggest that the universe is still expanding. Which statement supports the claim made by the scientists?

• The universe is 13.7 billion years old.

• The galaxies in the universe are composed of dark matter.

• The universe originated from a hot, dense point.

• The galaxies in the universe are moving away from Earth at high speeds.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

A scientist observes that the spectra of many stars in a galaxy are shifting toward the red end of the spectrum. Which inference can be made based on this finding?

• The size of the galaxy is shrinking.

• The galaxy is moving toward the scientist.

• The galaxy is moving away from the scientist.

• The size of the galaxy is increasing.

Based on the diagram, a student claims that the universe is expanding. Which statement correctly analyzes the claim?

• The claim is correct because the spectral lines shift to the red end of the spectrum when a galaxy spins faster.

• The claim is incorrect because the spectral lines in the red end of the spectrum are obtained only from red giant stars in a galaxy.

• The claim is incorrect because the spectral lines in the red end of the spectrum are obtained when the light from a galaxy passes through a nebula.

• The claim is correct because the spectral lines shift to the red end of the spectrum when a galaxy moves away.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2