Ch 17 Test

Darwin's Theory of Evolution offeres a scientific explanation for which of the following?

• How genetic information is inherited

• changes in species over time

• human effects on bio diversity

• age of the Earth

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Malthus argued that if the human population grew unchecked, then supplies of food and other resources would be exhausted. Which of thes ideas did Darwin adapt?

• Organism passes many of its traits to its offspring

• All organisms fill a niche, or role in their enviroment

• Variations within a species are necessary for change

• Organisms are able to preduce many more offspring than will survive

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Darwin's observation of Galapagos finches support the theory of evolution. molecular homology of genes, such as Hox genes, provides another type of support for how species evolve. What does this imply about scientific theories?

• With enough evidence, scientific theories will become laws

• Scientific theories should not be trusted because the evidence for them changes over time

• Scientific theories are supported by an extensive and diverse body of evidence

• Scientific theories are hypotheses that scientists investigate

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2 species of fish are intro duced to the same lake. over time, only one species survives. According to Darwin's theory of evolution, what should characterize the surviving process?

• greatere enetic variation

• more abudant food supply

• a better ability to survive and reprodice in the lake

• a better ability to withstand seasonal changes in the lake

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A small population of mice is released into a meadow. Many but not all of the mice survive and reproduce, and this pattern continues for many generations of mice. According to Darwin's ideas about evolution, which of these conditions is necessary for natural selection to occur on the mouse population?

• Any mutations in the population do affect the fitness of a mouse

• The meadow provides unlimited resources ti support the mice

• Traits that affect the survival of the mice may vary among individual mice

• The enviroment of the meadow remains about the same year to year

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Darwin observed many finch species on the Galapagos Islands. To explain these observations, he proposed that each species evolved from the same common ancestor, which was a finch species that migrated to the islands from the mainland. What additional evidence did Darwin use to support this claim?

• Finch populations were very numerous, and different species often bred with one another

• Finch species lived in different habitats on different island, which isolated them from one another

• The finch species were distributed evenly among all of the islands, but did not interbreed

• The beaks of the finches were identical, allowing them to eat the same foods on the islands

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Bernice is preparing a report on evidence for the common ancestry of species. She includes the figure of forelimbs shown.

The forelimbs are an example of which of the following

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Homologous structures

• Convergent structures

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A snake does not have legs. Nevertheless, it has tiny hip-like bones in its midsection where legs could reasonably attach. The bones have no function. ho do the hip bones of a snake provide evidence for the evolution of snakes?

• The hip bones are vestigial structures that show evolutionary descent from an ancestor that had legs

• The hip bones are analogous structures with the leg bones of other animals, and show how they all evolved from a common ancestor

• The hip bones are vestigial structures that snakes, worms, and other legless animals evolved by adaptive radiation

• The hip bones are homologous structures with the vertebrae and other bones of the snake and show the sequence in which the vertebrae skeleton evolved

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What was explained by Darwin's theory of biological evolution?

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What was the most likely explanation for armadillos living on the same continent where fossils of similar but much larger glyptodonts are found?

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