Sol 6.5 Matter

The kinetic energy of the particles in a substance determines its state of matter.

Which sequence of states of matter matches the order shown in the diagram?

• gas, solid, liquid

• solid, liquid, gas

• liquid, solid, gas

• liquid, solid, plasma

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The diagram shows atoms in two different states. 

Which statement best compares the motion of atoms in A and B?

• Atoms in A will move less than in B, because A is a solid and B is a gas.

• Atoms in A will move more than in B, because A is a gas and B is a solid.

• Atoms in A will move faster than in B, because A is a solid and B is a gas.

• Atoms in A will move slower than in B, because A is a gas and B is a solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

These three images represent the particle arrangement in ice, water, and steam.

Which of the following correctly identifies the states of matter?

• A: steam, B: water, C: ice

• A: water, B: steam, C: ice

• A: steam, B: ice, C: water

• A: ice, B: water, C: steam

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Nathan spills an unknown liquid. While wearing protective gloves, he cleans up the spill and notices that the liquid feels slippery. Which substance is the unknown liquid most like?

• a salt

• a base

• an acid

• a neutral substance

This table lists the pH values for a number of familiar substances.

pH OF COMMON SUBSTANCES

Substance. pH

Bleach 13

Household Ammonia. 11

Toothpaste. 9

Pure Water 7

Black Coffee. 5

Orange Juice. 3

Stomach Acid. 1

Based on this table, which of the following statements is true?

• Orange juice is more acidic than black coffee.

• Stomach acid is more basic than orange juice.

• Bleach is more acidic than household ammonia.

• Toothpaste is more basic than household ammonia.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

In a neutralization reaction, an acid and a base neutralize each other. Water is one of two products that are produced from the neutralization reaction. What is the other product?

• a gas

• a salt

• a metal

• a protein

Molecules become more ordered and closer to one another when they transform from gas to liquid to solid.

Which of the following statements shows the phases of water in order, starting when the molecules are furthest apart and ending when they are closest?

• steam > water > ice

• steam > ice > water

• water > steam > ice

• ice > water > steam

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Why does a gas take the shape of its container, while solids of the same substance do not?

• The mass of the particles in the gas is less than the mass of the particles in the solid.

• The particles in the gas are farther apart and move faster than the particles in the solid.

• The particles in the gas are smaller and move more slowly than the particles in the solid.

• The space between particles in the gas is smaller than the space between particles in the solid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A scientist describes the molecules of a substance as it changes from one state of matter to another. She states that the speed of the molecules slows down over time.

Which phase change could the scientist be describing?

• gas to liquid

• solid to gas

• liquid to gas

• solid to liquid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which statement best describes a gas and its particles?

• A gas assumes the shape of the occupied part of its container; gas particles can slide past one another.

• A gas assumes the shape and volume of its container; gas particles can move freely.

• A gas assumes the volume of its container; gas particles are close together.

• A gas retains its fixed volume and shape; gas particles are locked into place.