Quiz about Unit 2: Rocks and Minerals Review

Question 1

Igneous rocks are also known as

Accepted Answer

Extrusive

Intrusive

Answer

Clastic

Bioclastic

Crystalline

Answer

Foliated

Non-foliated

Answer

Metallic

Nonmetallic

Question 2

Metamorphic Rocks are formed through the process of

Accepted Answer

Heat and Pressure

Answer

Deposition and Burial

Answer

Weathering and Erosion

Answer

Melting and Solidification

Question 3

Minerals can be classified through

Accepted Answer

Luster

Hardness

Streak

Answer

Composition

Texture

Crystal Size

Answer

Texture

Grain Size

Composition

Answer

Luster

Color

Composition

Question 4

Most igneous rocks are formed by which process

Accepted Answer

Melting and Solidification

Answer

Erosion and Deposition

Answer

Heat and Pressure

Answer

Compaction and Cementation

Question 5

The best evidence for determining cooling rate of an igneous rock during its solidification is provided by

Accepted Answer

the crystal size of its minerals

Answer

the mineral composition

Answer

the index fossils

Answer

faults in the rock

Question 6

This is a mineral property that shows how a mineral reflects light

Accepted Answer

Luster

Answer

Composition

Answer

Fracture

Answer

Cleavage

Question 7

What kind of rock is this?

Accepted Answer

Volcanic Igneous Rock

Answer

Clastic sedimentary rock

Answer

Chemically formed sedimentary rock

Answer

Plutonic Igneous Rock

Question 8

This rock is most likely a

Accepted Answer

Gneiss

Answer

Slate

Answer

Conglomerate

Answer

Basalt

Question 9

This is most likely a

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary rock

Answer

Metamorphic rock

Answer

Igneous rock

Answer

Mineral

Question 10

These rocks are examples of

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic Rocks

Answer

Sedimentary Rocks

Answer

Intrusive Igneous Rocks

Answer

Extrusive Igneous Rocks

Question 11

Which of the following best describes how scientists classify different rocks?

Accepted Answer

How they formed

Answer

Their shape

Answer

Where they are found

Question 12

What are layers of sedimentary rock called?

Accepted Answer

Strata

Answer

Ore

Answer

Rock cycle

Question 13

What does the mineral property of hardness measure or describe?

Accepted Answer

Describes how easy it is to scratch the surface of a mineral

Answer

Describes how well a mineral reflects light

Answer

Measures the density of the mineral

Question 14

What does the mineral property of luster measure or describe?

Accepted Answer

Describes how well a mineral reflects light

Answer

The color of the mineral in powdered form

Answer

Describes how a mineral breaks into pieces

Question 15

What does the mineral property of cleavage measure or describe?

Accepted Answer

Describes how a mineral breaks into pieces

Answer

Describes how easy it is to scratch the surface of a mineral

Answer

The color of the mineral in powdered form

Question 16

What does the mineral property of streak measure or describe?

Accepted Answer

The color of the mineral in powdered form

Answer

Measures the density of the mineral

Answer

Describes how a mineral breaks into pieces

Question 17

a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms

Accepted Answer

mineral

Answer

magma

Answer

lava

Question 18

a natural, solid mixture of minerals and/or grains

Accepted Answer

rock

Answer

magma

Answer

lava

Question 19

molten or liquid rock that is beneath Earth's surface

Accepted Answer

magma

Answer

mineral

Answer

rock

Question 20

series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock

Accepted Answer

rock cycle

Answer

nitrogen cycle

Answer

dust cycle

Question 21

rock material that forms where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces or dissolved in water as rocks erode

Accepted Answer

sediment

Answer

crystal

Answer

rock

Question 22

The processes of ______ change rock to sediments.

Accepted Answer

weathering and erosion

Answer

compaction and cementation

Answer

cooling and hardening

Question 23

Which object is the hardest?

Accepted Answer

quartz

Answer

copper penny

Answer

glass

Question 24

igneous rocks that formed on the Earth's surface

Accepted Answer

Extrusive

Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Minerals

Answer

crystalization

Question 25

igneous rocks that formed in the Earth's interior

Accepted Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Extrusitive

Answer

deposition

Answer

chemical

Question 26

Which two processes formed this rock?

Accepted Answer

compaction and cementation

Answer

melting and solidification

Answer

heating and application of pressure

Answer

folding and faulting

Question 27

The obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed from a magma that cooled

Accepted Answer

quickly, on Earth's surface

Answer

slowly, deep below Earth's surface

Answer

quickly, deep below Earth's surface

Answer

slowly, on Earth's surface

Question 28

When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

Compaction

Answer

Cementation

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 29

Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 30

The five characteristics that all minerals share are:

Accepted Answer

Definite Chemical Composition,  Crystal Structure, Inorganic, Naturally Occurring, and Solid

Answer

Definite Chemical Composition, Color, Density, Igneous, and Solid

Answer

Cleavage, Faces, Hardness, Metamorphic, and Streak

Answer

Cleavage, Crystal Structure, Density, Igneous, and Solid

Question 31

Even though cast fossils look like the original bone or shell, they are different because they:

Accepted Answer

are made of rock, minerals, and sediment

Answer

contain empty space where the organism once was

Answer

preserve both hard and soft parts of the organism

Answer

have skin, hair, and feathers

Question 32

When bones are turned into stone, they are called:

Accepted Answer

petrified fossils

Answer

imprints

Answer

trace fossils

Answer

amber/resin

Question 33

What is the space called when an organism decays inside a rock?

Accepted Answer

mold

Answer

cast

Answer

amber (resin)

Answer

coprolite

Question 34

Trace fossils leave evidence of an animal's activity, Which of the following is NOT an example of a trace fossil?

Accepted Answer

All of these are trace fossils

Answer

Nests

Answer

Burrows

Answer

Tracks

Question 35

True or False: Molds and casts can fit together like a puzzle.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 36

True or False: Fossils are remains of ancient plants and animals.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 37

Which fossil is the oldest?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Question 38

Which Fossils is the youngest?

Accepted Answer

Fern

Answer

Fish

Answer

Ammonite

Question 39

These fossils are distinguishable from other fossils because they were scattered over a large region, very common, and lived during a short span of geologic time

Accepted Answer

Index

Answer

Mold

Answer

Cast

Answer

Trace

Question 40

Which relative dating principle is described by the fact that sedimentary rock layers are laid down horizontally.

Accepted Answer

original horizontality

Answer

inclusion

Answer

cross-cutting

Answer

superposition

Question 41

Which relative dating principle is described by the fact that the top rock layer is younger than the bottom rock layer.

Accepted Answer

superposition

Answer

inclusion

Answer

cross-cutting

Answer

original horizontality

Question 42

Which relative dating principle is described by the fact that when a fault cuts through rock layers, the fault is younger than the rock layers through which it cuts.

Accepted Answer

cross-cutting

Answer

inclusion

Answer

original horizontality

Answer

superposition

Question 43

The act of putting events in chronological order without using actual dates or ages is called:

Accepted Answer

relative dating

Answer

age guessing

Answer

actual dating

Answer

blind dating

Question 44

The process of finding numeric ages of rocks or fossils using radiometric dating.

Accepted Answer

absolute dating

Answer

Ionic fossilization

Answer

isotopic radiation

Answer

relative dating

Question 45

The process of comparing the ratio of isotopes to another rock to determine its age is called:

Accepted Answer

radiometric dating

Answer

Ionic fossilization

Answer

absolute dating

Answer

relative dating

Question 46

According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found

Accepted Answer

Near the bottom of the rock layers

Answer

At the top of the rock layers

Answer

In the middle of the rock layers

Answer

Somewhat near the surface

Question 47

According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 48

The amount of time it takes for 50% of the remaining radioactive material to decay into stable material is called:

Accepted Answer

half-life

Answer

radiocarbon dating

Answer

radioactive decay

Answer

successive decay time

Question 49

What is the correct order of the rock layers from oldest to youngest?

Accepted Answer

B, C, D, A, E

Answer

B, C, D, E, A

Answer

E, D, C, B, A

Answer

A, B, C, D, E

Question 50

If an igneous intrusion or fault cuts through existing rock layers, the intrusion/fault is:

Accepted Answer

Younger

Answer

Older

Answer

The same age

Answer

None of the above

Unit 2: Rocks and Minerals Review

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