Chapter 13 Ion in Aqueous Solutions

Given the equation: Zn (s)     +     2HCl (aq)     →     ZnCl₂ (aq)     +     H₂ (g)

Which of the following is the correct ionic equation?

• Zn (s)     +     2H⁺ (aq)     →     Zn²⁺ (aq)     +     H₂ (g)

• Zn (s)     +     2HCl (aq)     →     Zn²⁺ (aq)     +     H₂ (g)

• Zn2+ (s)   +   2HCl (aq)    

  →     ZnCl (aq)  +  H+(g)

A metallic ion in aqueous solution produces

·     a white precipitate with aqueous ammonia, soluble in excess;

·     a white precipitate with aqueous sodium hydroxide, soluble in excess.

 

• Ca²⁺

• K⁺

• Pb²⁺

• Zn²⁺

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

An aqueous solution of compound X reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a green precipitate and then aluminium powder is added. The mixture is heated and a gas that turns damp red litmus paper blue is given off. What is X?

• ammonium nitrate

• copper(II) chloride

• iron(III) chloride

• iron(II) nitrate

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which two gases each change the colour of damp red litmus paper?

• ammonia and chlorine

• ammonia and hydrogen chloride

• carbon dioxide and chlorine

• carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide

Consider the flow chart as shown. What is the white precipiate C?

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Name A.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

Name B.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Name C.

Answer explanation

Remember to include roman numerals for Copper, lead and iron

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Study the reaction scheme shown. Identify solution Q.

• ammonium nitrate

• aqueous ammonia

• dilute nitric acid

• sulfuric acid

Answer explanation

Nitrate is present as it gives off ammonia gas upon reaction with warm NaOH and aluminium foil.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

NGSS.HS-PS1-3

A farmer heated some fertiliser with aqueous sodium hydroxide. A gas was given off which turned damp red litmus paper blue. He then dissolved some of the fertiliser in water. On adding dilute nitric acid and aqueous barium nitrate, a white precipitate was formed.

What salt did the fertiliser contain?

• ammonium nitrate

• ammonium sulfate

• potassium nitrate

• potassium sulfate

Answer explanation

ammonium test: on warming with excess aqueous sodium hydroxide, evolved a gas that turned damp red litmus paper blue. [NH₃]

Sulfate test : by reaction of an aqueous solution with nitric acid and aqueous barium nitrate