Thermal Energy Transfer

According to the kinetic theory of matter, thermal energy is transferred from the hot end of a glass rod to the cold end when the molecules from the hot end ___.

• move to the cold end

• vibrate more vigorously and pass on the energy to the neighbouring molecules

• emit infrared radiation to the cold end

• move from place to place so that they collide with the colder molecules and transfer the energy to them

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

In a hot water tank, the heating element should be placed at the bottom because ___.

• conduction cannot take place when the heater is at the top of the tank

• the heated water will rise and this will form a convection current

• infrared radiation travels faster in the upward direction

• the heater must be covered by water at all times

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

In a vacuum flask, the vacuum prevents thermal energy transfer by

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

• conduction and convection

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

In an experimental set-up, equal volumes of hot water were poured into containers P and Q. At the start of the experiment, the temperatures of both containers and contents were the same. After an hour, the temperature of container P was found to be lower than that of container Q. This shows that P is a better ___ of heat that Q.

• conductor

• absorber

• emitter

• conductor and/ or emitter

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A heated body is allowed to cool on a cork mat and in an open space at room temperature. Which of the following statements about the process by which the heated body loses heat is incorrect?

• The processes of convection, conduction and radiation are in operation.

• Loss of heat by conduction is inefficient because air is a bad conductor.

• The rate at which the body loses heat via radiation depends on the colour and texture of the body's surface.

• Loss of heat through radiation is most effective when the temperature difference is small.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Why are solids better conductors of heat than liquids?

• The particles in solids are not free to move about.

• The particles in solids are arranged more closely together.

• The particles in solids vibrate faster.

• The particles in solids move more randomly.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A car was painted black while a second car was painted white. Both cars were left in the Sun to dry. The black paint dried more quickly than the white paint. Which property of black paint makes it dry more quickly?

• It is a better conductor of heat.

• It is a better absorber of heat.

• It is a better insulators of heat.

• It is a better emitter of heat.

A person sits in front of a campfire. What is/ are the main process(es) by which thermal energy is transferred to the person?

• Radiation only

• Convection and radiation only

• Conduction and radiation only

• Conduction, convection and radiation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following statements about a typical liquid is false?

• A typical liquid is incompressible, thus it must consist of particles that are in close proximity to one another and repel one another when at close range.

• A typical liquid flows, thus it must consist of particles that can move past one another freely.

• The average kinetic energy of the particles in a liquid is greater than the average kinetic energy of the particles in a solid of the same temperature.

• In a typical liquid, there is not much room for one particle to move freely between another particle, thus each particle can only move when the other particles are moving.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following statements about a typical gas is false?

• Smoke particles suspended in a typical gas move because of the continuous collisions between the smoke particles and the gas molecules.

• The intermolecular forces of a typical gas are strong when the temperature is high.

• The molecules of a typical gas move randomly in all possible directions in the space occupied by the container.

• The total kinetic energy of the molecules in a typical gas increases as the temperature of the gas increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5