Chemical Reaction and Metabolism

Which of the following involves a decrease in entropy?

• dehydration synthesis reactions

• reactions that separate monomers

• depolymerization reactions

• hydrolysis reactions

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones?

• catabolism

• metabolism

• anabolism

• dehydration

Anabolic pathways _____.

• are usually highly spontaneous chemical reactions

• consume energy to build up polymers from monomers

• release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers

• consume energy to decrease the entropy of the organism and its environment

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

• The entropy of the universe is decreasing.

• The entropy of the universe is constant.

• Energy cannot be transferred or transformed.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS3-1

Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions?

• The products have more total energy than the reactants.

• The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy.

• The reaction goes only in a forward direction: all reactants will be converted to products, but no products will be converted to reactants.

• A net input of energy from the surroundings is required for the reactions to proceed.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence: Catabolism is to anabolism as _____ is to _____.

• exergonic; spontaneous

• exergonic; endergonic

• free energy; entropy

• work; energy

Catabolic pathways _____.

• combine molecules into more energy-rich molecules

• are spontaneous and do not need enzyme catalysis

• are endergonic

• supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cell's work

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Which of the following is the most correct interpretation of the figure?

• Energy from catabolism can be used directly for performing cellular work.

• ADP + Pi are a set of molecules that store energy for catabolism.

• ATP is a molecule that acts as an intermediary to store energy for cellular work.

• Pi acts as a shuttle molecule to move energy from ATP to ADP.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

The lock-and-key analogy for enzymes applies to the specificity of enzymes _____.

• as they form their tertiary and quaternary structure

• binding to their substrate

• interacting with water

• interacting with ions

Reactants capable of interacting to form products in a chemical reaction must first overcome a thermodynamic barrier known as the reaction's _____.

• entropy

• activation energy

• equilibrium point

• free-energy content

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4