Solar System In Motion

A planet's rotation determines the length of its day and its revolution determines the length of its year. A day on Earth is 24 hours, and a year on Earth is 365 days. In contrast, a day on Venus is longer than a year on Venus. Which is the best reason for why this is true?

• The orbit of Venus takes it too close to the Sun .

• The orbit of Venus takes it too far away from the Sun .

• It takes Venus longer to rotate on its axis than to orbit the Sun .

• It takes Venus longer to orbit the Sun than to rotate on its axis.

What causes one body to orbit another in space?

• A body's inertia attracts other bodies with the same inertia.

• A body's inertia is balanced by another body's pull of gravity.

• A body's gravity is overpowered by the inertia of another body.

• A body will orbit another body when their gravities are equal.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Column A: Mars, Venus, Earth, Mercury

Column B: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Students created a chart to compare and contrast the planets.

Which BEST describes how the planets are grouped?

• Column A planets can support life, while Column B planets cannot.

• Column A planets are rocky, while Column B planets are mostly gas.

• Column A planets are farther from the Sun, while Column B planets are closer to the Sun.

• Column A planets have thick atmospheres, while Column B planets have thin atmospheres.

The average temperature of the planets

• has no relationship to the distance from the Sun

• decreases with greater distance from the Sun

• depends only on the chemical composition of the atmosphere of each planet

• increases with greater distance from the Sun

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Day & night are caused by the ______________ of earth on its axis

• revolution
• orbit
• rotation
• tilt of the axis

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of these experiments would best replicate the big bang theory?

• dropping fragments of metal into a magnetized box

• turning on an underwater speaker in a water tank

• exploding a tightly packed substance inside a vacuum

• shaking sand particles in a mixture of oil and water

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The varying theories of the universe's eventual end all depend on what about the current universe?

• Its rate of expansion

• Its mass

• Its volume

• Its energy

Read the passage "Stars and Planets" below.
STARS AND PLANETS      

 Scientists have been looking for planets outside of the solar system for a long time. Twenty years ago, someone found the first planet around a faraway star. Today, astronomers have found many planets around stars like the Sun. Some of these planets are like Earth and could have intelligent life. One day in the future, human scientists may meet organisms from another planet!

What does this passage NOT have that all scientific explanations need?

• ideas about something in nature

• evidence to support the ideas

• a map to the new planets

• detailed pictures of planets

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

The currently recognized theory for the origin of the universe is referred to as the big bang theory. Correctly order the steps of the big bang theory from earliest to most recent.

Answer Choices:

A. production of elements

B. formation of stars

C. big bang expansion

D. rapid inflation and cooling

E. appearance of galaxies

• A,B,C,D,E

• E,A,C,D,B

• C,A,B,D,E

• C,D,A,B,E

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

How have models of Earth's position in the solar system changed over time?

• Original models showed the Moon in the center of the solar system, and current models show Earth at the center, orbited by the Sun and Moon.

• Original models showed Earth in the center of the solar system, and current models show the Moon at the center, orbited by the Sun and Earth.

• Original models showed the Sun in the center of the solar system, and current models show Earth at the center, orbited by the Sun.

• Original models showed Earth in the center of the solar system, and current models show the Sun at the center, orbited by Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

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