Science STAAR Category Two

Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?

• Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
• Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
• Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
• Sediment grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form sedimentary layers.

A student made a list of activities that involve energy.  
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1. Sharks chasing a school of fish
2. A toaster heating bread
3. A cell phone charging
4. A tree limb falling to the ground
5. Tomato plants absorbing sunlight
6. A canoe floating down a river
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Which activities on the list are examples of the use of mechanical energy? 

• Activities 1, 4, and 6 
• Activities 2, 4, and 5
• Activities 1 and 2 
• Activities 3, 5, and 6 

Which of these is not soluble in water?

• Oil
• Salt
• Honey
• Sugar

Most young animals inherit similar appearances, such as shape and color, from their parent animals. Which best describes why a baby deer (fawn) has spots when the adult deer do not?

• The spots help camouflage the fawn for protection.
• The spots help a fawn to be seen when crossing roads.
• The adult deer lose their spots by rubbing against trees.

What characteristic is inherited by only some members of its species?

• gills on a fish
• wings on a bird
• spots on a horse
• trunk on an elephant

Which characteristic would a child not inherit from one or both of its parents?

• freckles
• hair style
• eye color
• dimples

A litter of kittens have traits that are similar to both the mother cat and the father cat. Which best explains this situation?

• The kittens are provided the same kind of milk from their mother as they grow.
• The kittens inherit some of their traits from their mother and some from their father.
• The kittens are kept at the same temperatures by their mother when they are first born.
• The kittens are taught by their parents to have similar traits.

The outside layer of the earth is called ______________________.

• core
• crust
• mantle
• outer core

Most earthquakes happen along the _________________. 

• coast
• faults
• desert
• directions

What is Magma when it reaches the surface of Earth?

• Lava
• Mafic Magma
• Felsic Magma
• None of these