Climate Change Test Review

What is one way volcanic eruptions can affect climate?

• Ash blocks sunlight, causing temperatures to drop.

• Temperatures rise because of the heat from the lava.

• Ash repels water droplets, reducing rainfall.

• Scorched land creates drought conditions.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

The ozone layer protects living organisms on Earth by

• enhancing solar energy.

• blocking solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

• blocking solar infrared (IR) radiation.

• preventing escape of water vapor.

Seasonal changes in daylight hours and climatic conditions are caused by

• the annual change of distance from sun to Earth.

• ocean currents.

• lunar phases.

• the 23.5° tilt of Earth’s axis.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Climate in a region is

• the long-term prevailing atmospheric conditions.

• determined only by seasonal daylight hours.

• the atmospheric conditions on a given day.

• never affected by ocean currents.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which statement describes how humans are affecting the balance of carbon in the atmosphere?

• Fewer agricultural crops are planted, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.

• Burning fossil fuels in great quantities has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

• Overgrazing of grasslands has reduced the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

• Severe drought in large areas of the world has decreased the amount of carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

The graph shows the average variation in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere before and after eight large volcanic eruptions during the past two centuries.

Based on the graph, which hypothesis is correct?

• Volcanic eruptions permanently raise temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere after an eruption.

• Volcanic eruptions cause a decrease in temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere after an eruption.

• Volcanic eruptions cause an increase in temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere after an eruption.

• Volcanic eruptions permanently lower temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere after an eruption.

  ID

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

According to the Milankovitch Theory, three cycles combine to affect the amount of solar heat that’s incident on the Earth’s surface: eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession.

It is suggested that these variations then impact

• yearly seasonal changes.

• cyclical climate modifications.

• the greenhouse effect on Earth.

• progressive changes in day length throughout the year.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Prior to the industrial revolution, increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide were attributed to changes in both the sun's intensity and Earth's orbit around the sun, as well as volcanic eruptions. During the last 2,000 years Earth's climate has been relatively stable. Scientists have identified three changes from this stability: the Medieval Warm Period, 900 - 1300 AD; the Little Ice Age, 1500 - 1850 AD; and most recently, post-industrial revolution.

The most recent increases are blamed on

• a wobble in Earth's orbit.

• emissions from unexplained volcanic activity.

• increased annual oceanic water temperature that drives CO2 into the air.

• increased emissions of CO2 from human activities.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

Describe the weather in the United States during an El Niño winter.

• warmer throughout the country and more rain.

• rain in the South; dry and warm in the North.

• dry and warm in the South; cold and snowy in the North.

• freezing temperatures in the South; blizzard conditions in the North.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Why is the natural greenhouse effect of Earth a cause for concern now?

• Greenhouse gases act as natural insulators and prevent the heat of the Sun from reaching Earth.

• Greenhouse gases destroy the ozone layer, which acts as natural insulation against ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

• The rise in the amount of greenhouse gases has resulted in global warming, because more heat gets trapped in the atmosphere.

• The rise in the amount of greenhouse gases has reduced the amount of oxygen in the air, decreasing the breathable air on Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5