Types of Rocks

Which type of rock forms when an existing rock changes under extreme pressure and intense heat?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Which type of rock forms through weathering, erosion and deposition?

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Which of the following would be a clue that a rock is sedimentary?

• It has gas bubbles throughout.

• It has small particles stuck together.

• It is very hard.

• All of the above.

Which of the following would be a clue that a rock is metamorphic?

• It has a complete fossil in it.

• It has gas bubbles.

• It is very soft.

• It has ribbon-like layers, or bands.

Coquina is a rock made of small pieces of broken shells. Ocean waves break seashells into smaller pieces. Over time, these pieces are moved and deposited. When they stick tgether, they form coquina. Coquina is most likely _____.

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Diorite is a rock with crystals. It can form when molten lava cools down in the Earth's crust. Diorite is most likely a(n) _____ rock.

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Quartzite is a rock that can form at the boundaries of tectonic plates. Over time, sandstone buried at the boundary is folded and changed by pressure and heat. The sandstone becomes quartzite. Quartzite is most likely a(n) ______ rock.

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

Pumice is a rock that forms during volcanic eruptions from lava that cools very quickly. Pumice is most likely a(n) ______ rock.

• igneous

• sedimentary

• metamorphic

There are three types of rocks on Earth. Each rock type forms in a different way. Igneous rocks were the first rocks on Earth. They form from molten rock. Molten rock is rock that has turned to liquid because of extreme heat. Lava is the name for the molten rock that erupts from volcanoes. When molten rock is below the Earth’s surface, it’s called magma. When molten rock—either lava or magma—cools, it hardens into a solid. This forms igneous rocks. Some examples of igneous rocks are granite, obsidian and basalt. Much of Hawaii’s coast is covered in basalt. Waves break the basalt down over time, creating the black sand of some Hawaiian beaches.

Which of the following is true about lava and magma?

• Lava and magma are both types of molten rock.

• Magma uses waves to break down lava over time.

• When magma cools and hardens it becomes lava.

This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?

• Sedimentary Rock
• Metamorphic Rock
• Igneous Rock

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4