Biomolecules and Enzyme Test Review

Sucrase, an enzyme, is added to a solution containing water and sucrose. Which experimental factor would have the least impact on the rate of the reaction?

• light

• temperature

• enzyme concentration

• substrate concentration

Biochemical reactions that require high temperatures to proceed are able to take place at body temperature within the cells of living organisms. Which factor is mainly responsible for allowing biochemical reactions to proceed at body temperature?

• The cellular enzymes act as catalysts.

• The small size of cells keeps reactants together.

• The pH of the cytoplasm increases reaction rate.

• The reactants are present in small quantities in the cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Many people are lactose intolerant and cannot digest dairy products. What enzyme are their bodies most likely lacking?

• lipase

• lactase

• maltase

• protease

Which best describes how an enzyme affects the rate of a chemical reaction?

• It increases the temperature of the reaction.

• It lowers the activation energy of the reaction.

• It changes the products created in the reaction.

• It causes the reaction to proceed in an unfavorable direction.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which statement BEST explains why enzymes bind to specific substrates?

• An enzyme can be inhibited so its active site is altered.

• An enzyme folds differently in the presence of different substrates.

• Different amino acid sequences cause variations in the shapes of an enzyme’s active sites.

• Enzyme-substrate binding is based on size so only large enzymes can bind to large substrates.

Which type of substance serves as a catalyst for reactions that break large food molecules into smaller useful molecules?

• enzymes

• vitamins

• lipids

• nucleotides

Estella spilled tomato sauce on her shirt. When she washed her shirt, she noticed that the detergent she used contained enzymes. Enzymes are added to detergents to break down proteins from food and other substances that may stain clothing. Which would MOST likely inhibit the ability of the enzymes to remove the stain on her shirt?

• the amount of dissolved minerals in the water

• the type of fibers from which her shirt was made

• the temperature of the water

• the fragrances in the detergent

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which is a function of lipids?

• to supply cells with quick–release energy

• to provide the body with insulation

• to store genetic information

• to regulate cell processes

Which best explains the function of the sequence of nucleotides?

• It provides energy.

• It carries genetic information.

• It allows DNA to be successfully copied.

• It determines the shape of the DNA molecule.

Fats are specialized lipid molecules, and enzymes are specialized protein molecules. How do the functions of fats and enzymes differ?

• Fats are structural building materials, while enzymes are transportation molecules.

• Fats provide support for cells, while enzymes lower the pH of gastric fluids.

• Fats regulate body functions, while enzymes denature invasive bacteria.

• Fats are storage molecules, while enzymes are catalytic molecules.