Forces and Newton's Laws

A force that causes an object to slow down when it touches another object is _________.

• gravity

• friction

• inertia

• Newton

Net force is a combination of all ________ acting on an object.

• forces

• speeds

• accelerations

• velocities

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

What will be the effect on the boy in the picture if the driver stops quickly?

• Because of inertia he will remain in the same position.

• He will be pushed back into the car seat.

• He will move from one side of the car seat to the other.

• He will move forward pressing against the seatbelt.

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According to Newton’s second law of motion, force is equal to mass times ______________________.

• inertia

• weight

• acceleration

• direction

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

The picture is an example of Newton's...

• 1st Law

• 2nd Law

• 3rd Law

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If you travel to Mars, where gravity is 38% of Earth's gravity, what will happen to your mass and weight?

• Your mass and weight will both be greater than on Earth.
• Your mass and weight will both be less than on Earth.
• Your mass will be the same, but your weight will be less than on Earth.
• Your mass will be less than on Earth, but your weight will be the same.

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During a demonstration of Newton’s laws of motion, a student used the setup shown in Figure 1. The student flicked the index card with a fingertip, and the coin fell straight down into a plastic cup as shown in Figure 2. Which of these best explains why the coin fell straight down into the cup instead of remaining on the index card?

• The coin was at rest until the card was removed, so it tended to remain in the same location. Once the card was gone, the unbalanced force of gravity caused the coin to fall.
• Moving the card applied an action force on the coin. Since the card was gone, gravity applied a reaction force on the coin.
• The card had less mass than the coin, so a smaller force of gravity acted on the card. The larger force of gravity on the coin made it fall.
• The acceleration of the coin falling into the cup was equal and opposite to the acceleration of the card.

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A student lets a toy car roll four times down a ramp. Each time the student covers the surface of the ramp with a different material. The student measures and records the time it takes the car to roll down the ramp. Which of these would be the best conclusion based on the data in the table?

• Different surfaces affect how fast a toy car accelerates.

• Different toy cars travel at different speeds.

• Gravity has little effect on the speed of toy cars on different surfaces.

• Air resistance is the greatest factor in limiting the acceleration of different toy cars.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Safety belts protect people in cars in the event of an accident because, according to Newton’s Laws of Motion, when an impact causes the car to suddenly change its motion, -

• the people in the car will continue to move in the same direction and at the same speed as before the impact.
• the speed of the car always increases, giving it greater force since the mass will remain the same.
• the speed of the people always increases, since now they have, not one, but two forces acting on them.
• the car now has a greater overall mass - its own mass plus the mass of the object by which it has been struck.

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According to Newton’s Law of Inertia, an object that is moving will change its motion only if what kinds of forces act on it?

• Constant forces
• Unbalanced forces
• Unbalanced forcesStrong forces
• Gravitational forces

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