Smithsonian Earth's Dynamic Systems

How do extrusive igneous rocks differ from intrusive igneous rocks?

• Extrusive rocks are larger in size

• Intrusive rocks break down quicker

• Extrusive rocks are arranged in layers

• Intrusive rocks have larger crystals

Which force plays a major role in the formation of metamorphic rock?

• Acceleration

• Friction

• Pressure

• Centrifugal force

Which of the following is a true statement?

• Magma is called lava after it emerges from the ground

• Lava cools off to form magma

• Magma and lava form sedimentary rocks

• Magma and lava are two types of metamorphic rocks

Place the following events in sequence: A) Mineral grains are formed; B) A volcano erupts; C) Lava begins cooling

• A, B, C

• B, A, C

• B, C, A

• C, A, B

Sedimentary rocks often form horizontal strata. Therefore, what are strata?

• Crystals

• Layers

• Mineral grains

• Pieces of older rocks

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

If you found a rock with long, flat mineral grains, what type of rock would it probably be?

• An extrusive igneous rock

• An intrusive igneous rock

• A sedimentary rock

• A metamorphic rock

Metamorphic rocks undergo metamorphosis. What is another example of metamorphosis?

• A candle burning

• A caterpillar changing into a butterfly

• A volcano erupting

• A five-story building being constructed

What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?

• Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.

• Bits of sand and gravel form layers that turn into rock from pressure.

• Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.

• Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Which of the words below describe mud, sand, and tiny bits of rocks that cement together to form a type of rock?

• stalactites

• magmas

• metamorphs

• sediments

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What process is used to form metamorphic rocks?

• Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.

• Bits of sand and gravel form layers that turn into rock from pressure.

• Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.