Chapter 22 States of Matter

Which statement best describes the fact that gases can be compressed?

• The particles in a gas do not have a fixed volume.

• The particles in a gas are very far apart.

• The particles in a gas have no force of attraction (bonds) between them.

• The particles in a gas are constantly moving very rapidly.

Which description best matches this particle model?

• Closely packed and vibrate about a fixed position.

• Particles are close together but can slide past each other.

• Particles have lots of energy and can move around.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What is the freezing point for this substance?

• 60 °C
• 40 °C
• 80 °C
• 100 °C

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Pure water boils at 100^oC. What happens to the water particles when water boils?

• The gain energy and stay close together.

• They gain energy and move further apart.

• They lose energy and move further apart.

• They lose energy and stay close together.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Two gas jars are set up as shown in diagram. The lid is removed and the gas jars are left to stand. After some time the contents of both gas jars are brown.

Which process causes this to happen?

• condensation

• diffusion

• evaporation

• filtration

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NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Rhenium oxide is a yellow solid which undergoes sublimation at a low temperature.

What is the meaning of the term sublimation?

• The change of state from liquid to solid with the loss of heat.

• The change of state from solid to gas directly with the gain of heat.

• The change of state from gas to solid directly with the gain of heat.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

In which TWO changes do the particles move further apart?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The rate of diffusion of two gases, methane, CH₄ and ethene, C₂H₄, is measured using the apparatus shown.

Which gas diffuses faster and why?

• Ethene diffuses faster because the molecules are heavier.

• Ethene diffuses faster because ethene molecule has a double bond which makes them more reactive.

• Methane diffuses faster because methane molecules are lighter.

• Methane diffuses faster because methane molecules are smaller so they can get out of the small hole more easily.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

The particles of a substance gain energy and change from a regular ordered structure to a disordered structure with large distance between the particles.

Which change of state is described?

• boiling

• evaporation

• melting

• sublimation

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The diagram shows an experiment to demonstrate diffusion.

Which statement explains why the ring of ammonium chloride appears as shown?

• Ammonia solution only produces a gas which moves until it meets the hydrochloric acid.

• Both solutions produce a gas, but ammonia moves quicker than hydrogen chloride because it is lighter.

• Hydrochloric acid produces hydrogen chloride which stays at one end of the tube until the ammonia reaches it.

• The two solutions run along the tube until they meet.