3G3 Chemical Bonding Quiz

The atomic structures of four different particles are shown.

Aluminium atom (Al) has W protons, 14 neutrons and 13 electrons.

Aluminium ion (Al³⁺) has 13 protons, 14 neutrons and X electrons.

Sulfur atom has 16 protons, Y neutrons and 16 electrons.

Sulfide ion (S^2-) has 16 protons, 16 neutrons and Z electrons.

• W: 10 protons

  X: 16 electrons

  Y: 14 neutrons

  Z: 16 electrons

• W: 13 protons

  X: 10 electrons

  Y: 16 neutrons

  Z: 18 electrons

• W: 13 protons

  X: 16 electrons

  Y: 18 neutrons

  Z: 10 electrons

• W: 14 protons

  X: 13 electrons

  Y: 18 neutrons

  Z: 14 electrons

Describe how a potassium atom becomes a potassium ion.

• Potassium loses 1 valence electron to achieve stable noble gas configuration and forms charge of +1 ion.

• Potassium gains 1 valence electron to achieve stable noble gas configuration and forms charge of -1 ion.

• Potassium shares 1 valence electron to achieve stable noble gas configuration and forms charge of +1 ion.

• Potassium loses 2 valence electron to achieve stable noble gas configuration and forms charge of +2 ion.

Describe how an oxygen molecule, O₂, becomes two oxide ions.

• Energy is required to overcome strong electrostatic forces of attraction between nuclei and shared pair of electrons for atoms. Oxygen atom gains 2 valence electrons to form an oxide ion with a 2- charge.

• Energy is required to overcome strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Oxygen atom loses 2 valence electrons to form an oxide ion with a 2+ charge.

• Energy is required to overcome weak electrostatic forces of attraction between nuclei and shared pair of electrons for atoms. Oxygen atom gains 2 valence electrons to form an oxide ion with a 2- charge.

• Energy is required to overcome strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Oxygen atom shares 2 valence electrons to form an oxide ion with a 2+ charge.

Which of the following shows the correct numbers of electrons, protons and neutrons for ¹⁵N^3- ion?

• 7 protons

  7 electrons

  7 neutrons

• 7 protons

  7 electrons

  8 neutrons

• 7 protons

  10 electrons

  7 neutrons

• 7 protons

  10 electrons

  8 neutrons

Which of the following do(es) not explain why the element in Group 18 is chemically unreactive?

You may choose one or more than one option(s).

• The element has a completely filled valence electron shell.

• The element has a duplet or octet configuration.

• The element does form a molecule.

• The element does form an ion.

Which statement about ionic substances is correct?

• Magnesium chloride contains one magnesium ion and two chloride ions.

• Metal atoms gain electrons when forming an ion.

• Non-metal atoms form positive ions.

• Sodium and argon atoms have the same electronic configuration.

U,V,W,X,Y and Z are elements of the same period in the Periodic Table.

The letters are not the chemical symbols of the elements.

Their electronic structures are shown.

U: 2.2

V: 2.1

W: 2.7

X: 2.5

Y: 2.6

Z: 2.3

Which statements about the elements are correct?

1. 1. W, X and Y are non-metals as they lose electrons when they react.

2. 2. U, V and Z are metals as they gain electrons when they react.

3. 3. W, X and Y are non-metals as they gain electrons when they react.

4. 4. U, V and Z are metals because they lose electrons when they react.

• 1 and 2

• 1 and 4

• 2 and 3

• 3 and 4

Potassium carbide contains potassium ions, K⁺ and carbide ions C₂^2-.

Deduce the fomula for potassium carbide.

• KC₂

• KC₄

• K₂C₂

• K₂C₄

Which diagram represents a molecule of carbon dioxide?

• 
• 
• 
•