What did Kepler discover about planets and their orbital speed?

Planets closest to the Sun will orbit with the fastest orbital speed.

Planets with the greatest mass will orbit the Sun with the fastest orbital speed.

Planets furthest from the Sun will orbit with the fastest orbital speed.

Planets with the least mass will orbit the Sun with the fastest orbital speed.

Which is NOT one of Kepler's laws?

Planets revolve around the Earth

Planets closest to the sun travel faster

The farther a planet is from the sun, the longer it takes to orbit

According to the data in the chart, the farther a planet is from the sun

the longer it takes for it to complete one orbit.

the longer it takes for it to complete one day.

Which statement best describes Kepler’s 2 nd Law of Planetary Motion?

Planets revolve around the sun over equal areas in equal time intervals.

Planetary orbits are in the shape of an ellipse.

A planet’s orbital period is proportionate to its distance from the sun.

What causes a planet's speed to change as it approaches the sun?

The sun's gravity causes the planet to travel faster.

The sun's gravity causes the planet to travel slower.

The planet's rotation causes it to speed up.

The planet's rotation causes it to slow down.

Kepler’s 3rd law states the square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the orbital radius. (T 2 =r 3 ) If a planet's orbital radius is doubled, what happens to the length of a year on that planet?

It will become 2.8 times as long

It will become about 8 times as long

Which statement best describes Kepler’s 2 nd Law of Planetary Motion?

A line that connects a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

All planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.

The square of the orbital period of any planet is directly proportional to the cube of the radius of its orbit.

Which of the following statement is best in accordance with Kepler's first law of planetary motion?

A. The orbits of planets form an ellipse, with the Sun at one focus.

B. Planets orbit in perfect circles, with the Sun slightly off-center.

C. All planets make one orbit of the Sun in exactly the same time period.

D. Planets farther from the Sun orbit proportionally faster.

How do Kepler’s laws of planetary motion compare to Newton’s laws of motion and Newton’s law of universal gravitation?

D. Kepler described the shape and speed of Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Newton identified the forces that cause Earth to orbit the Sun.

A. Kepler described Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Newton described the Moon’s orbit around Earth.

B. Kepler explained only the shape of Earth’s orbit. Newton explained only Earth’s speed in orbit.

C. Kepler explained the effect of gravity on Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Newton explained the effect of the Moon’s gravity on the Sun.

The diagram below shows four points along Earth's orbit as it revolves around the Sun. The shaded area in the sector bounded by Points 1 and 2 is the same as the shaded area in the sector bounded by Points 3 and 4. Which statement accurately compares the conditions at these four points?

D. It takes Earth the same amount of time to go from Point 1 to Point 2 as it does to go from Point 3 to Point 4.

A. The magnitude of Earth's acceleration is the same at all four points.

B. The Sun's gravitational pull on Earth is the same at Point 1 as it is at Point 3.

C. Earth's speed is the same as it goes from Point 1 to Point 2 as when it goes from Point 3 to Point 4.

Which statement is a relationship described by one of Kepler's laws?

D. A line drawn between the Moon and the center of Earth will sweep out equal areas of the plane of the Moon's orbit in equal time periods.

A. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

B. The acceleration of the Moon depends directly on the net force applied to it by Earth.

C. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.

Which statement is a direct implication of Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion?

B. A planet's velocity depends on its position in its orbit.

A. A planet's acceleration is affected by its mass.

C. A planet's total distance from the foci of its orbit is constant.

D. A planet's period can be predicted from the semimajor axis of its orbit.

Why do planets in our solar system keep stable, nearly circular orbits?

Centripetal force is equal to the gravitational attraction between the Sun and the planet.

Inertial force of the planet is equal to the centripetal force of the planet.

The planet's orbital speed must remain constant (never changes) as it moves around the Sun.

The planet's orbital speed has to speed up and slow down because the larger planets (Jupiter and Saturn) have a strong outward gravity pull force counter to the Sun's gravity pull force.

From Kepler's third law, a hypothetical planet that is twice as far from the Sun as Earth should have a period of

It depends on the planet's mass

Kepler and Planets

Authored by Charles Martinez

Physics

10th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

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46 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)

circle

ellipse

focus

perihelion

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

An ellipse is drawn around two points called

aphelion

perihelion

foci

axis

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is

the axis

the perihelion

the center

the Sun

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Where is the planet moving faster

Position A to B

Position B to C

Position H to I

Position I to J

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

What is true about the area between points A, B and the Sun, and the area between points H, I and the Sun?

The area between A, B and the Sun is the largest.

The area between H, I and the Sun is the largest

Both areas are equal in size

There is not enough information to determine the areas

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Kepler's 2nd Law deals with

the shape of the planets' orbits

the speed/area the planet travels

the length of time it takes the planet to orbit the sun

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.

faster

slower

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

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Kepler and Planets

Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)

An ellipse is drawn around two points called

When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is

Where is the planet moving faster

What is true about the area between points A, B and the Sun, and the area between points H, I and the Sun?

Kepler's 2nd Law deals with

A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.

Kepler's first law states that the orbits of the planets are oval in shape or

The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once.

When do planets move the fastest?

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