Natural Selection

What is the primary source of genetic variation in a population?

• Mutation

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• Bottleneck Effect

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following best describes the concept of natural selection?

• The process by which organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce

• The random change in allele frequencies in a population

• The movement of genes from one population to another

• The formation of new species

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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What is the term for the physical and behavioral traits of an organism that are influenced by its genetic makeup?

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Allele

• Chromosome

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?

• The wings of a bat and the wings of a butterfly

• The flippers of a whale and the wings of a bird

• The forelimbs of a human and the forelimbs of a cat

• The eyes of a human and the eyes of a squid

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How does genetic drift affect small populations differently than large populations?

• It has a greater impact on allele frequencies in small populations

• It has a lesser impact on allele frequencies in small populations

• It affects both small and large populations equally

• It only affects large populations

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Explain how the bottleneck effect can lead to a decrease in genetic diversity.

• It increases the mutation rate in a population

• It reduces the population size, leading to a loss of alleles

• It increases gene flow between populations

• It causes an increase in the number of alleles

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Analyze the impact of environmental changes on the survival of a species using the concept of natural selection.

• Environmental changes have no impact on species survival

• Species with traits better suited to the new environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

• All species will adapt to environmental changes at the same rate

• Environmental changes always lead to the extinction of species

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Design an experiment to test the effect of a specific environmental factor on the genetic variation of a population.

• Measure the height of plants in different soil types

• Compare the genetic variation of a population before and after exposure to a pollutant

• Observe the behavior of animals in different habitats

• Count the number of individuals in a population over time

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Evaluate the role of gene flow in maintaining genetic diversity within a population.

• Gene flow decreases genetic diversity by isolating populations

• Gene flow increases genetic diversity by introducing new alleles

• Gene flow has no effect on genetic diversity

• Gene flow only affects genetic diversity in large populations

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Propose a long-term study to investigate the evolutionary changes in a population of organisms over several generations.

• Observe the physical traits of a population for one year

• Track the genetic changes in a population over multiple generations

• Measure the population size at different times of the year

• Compare the diet of a population in different seasons

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DOK Level 4: Extended Thinking