Periodic Table & Electron Structure Unit Test

Match each definition to the correct vocabulary word.

• Electronegativity

• Ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond.

• Atomic Radius

• Group with 1 valence electron, very reactive with water

• Alkali Metals

• Electrons in the outermost energy level.

• Valence Electrons

• Distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell.

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Match each definition to the correct vocabulary word.

• Orbital

• Metals in the middle of the periodic table, often form colorful compounds.

• Halogens

• Atoms with 7 valence electrons, form salts with metals.

• Transition Metals

• Region of space where electrons are most likely to be found.

A scientist is studying two unknown elements. One has 1 valence electron and reacts violently with water. The other has 7 valence electrons and forms salts easily. Which groups are these elements from?

• Alkali metal and Halogen

• Alkaline earth metal and Noble gas

• Transition metal and Halogen

• Nonmetal and Metalloid

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Which trend best explains why sodium (Na) has a larger atomic radius than chlorine (Cl)?

• Sodium is to the left of chlorine on the same period.

• Chlorine has fewer protons.

• Sodium has more electron shells than chlorine.

• Chlorine is lower on the periodic table.

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Which element has the highest ionization energy?

• Lithium (Li)

• Carbon (C)

• Oxygen (O)

• Fluorine (F)

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A jewelry maker chooses gold (Au) for rings because it does not easily react with air or water. Which property explains this?

• Gold has very high electronegativity.

• Gold’s electrons are arranged in stable filled d orbitals.

• Gold has only 1 valence electron.

• Gold has a very small atomic radius.

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Which best explains why chlorine (Cl) is more reactive than iodine (I)?

• Chlorine has a larger atomic radius.

• Chlorine is more electronegative.

• Iodine has fewer protons.

• Iodine is in the same period as chlorine.

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If you move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic radius:

• increases because more shells are added.

• decreases because protons pull harder.

• stays the same.

• increases because atoms lose electrons.

Which element is classified as a metalloid?

• Silicon (Si)

• Fluorine (F)

• Calcium (Ca)

• Iron (Fe)

Which of these best describes the trend for electronegativity across a period?

• Decreases left to right

• Increases left to right

• Stays the same

• Increases then decreases randomly

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