Ferrous Metals

What key feature distinguishes metals from other materials?

• Their ability to rust

• Their metallic bonding

• Their covalent bonding

• Presence of free-moving electrons

Answer explanation

Metallic bonding allowes atoms to share free-moving electrons, giving metals unique properties

What is an alloy?

• A mixture of metals only

• A chemically bonded compound of metals and non-metals

• A physical mixture of iron and carbon

• A metal mixed with an organic compound

Which of the following is a type of ferrous alloy primarily composed of iron and carbon?

• Brass

• Steel

• Aluminium

• Bronze

Which ferrous alloy is known for its excellent corrosion resistance, especially in marine environments?

• Cast iron

• Stainless steel

• Wrought iron

• Carbon steel

What is the primary purpose of heat treatment in ferrous materials?

• To increase electrical conductivity

• To improve magnetic properties

• To enhance mechanical properties

• To reduce weight

Which of the following is a common method of heat treatment used to harden steel?

• Annealing

• Quenching

• Tempering

• Normalising

Answer explanation

Quenching is rapid cooling method which increases hardness and used in hardned steel production

What is the typical carbon content range in cast iron, a type of ferrous alloy?

• 0.1% to 0.3%

• 0.3% to 0.6%

• 2% to 4%

• 4% to 6%

What is the effect of adding chromium to steel?

• Increases electrical conductivity

• Enhances corrosion resistance

• Reduces density

• Decreases melting point

Answer explanation

Chromium forms a protective oxide layer in steel, stainless steel is used for medical tools

What is the European standard for naming steel grades?

• ISO9001

• EN10027

• ASTM D256

• SAE J403

Which properties of steel can be improved by adding alloying elements?

• Strength

• Hardness

• Toughness

• All of the above