A, B & C

The Southern Hemisphere experiences the coldest seasonal weather during what portion of the Earth’s orbit?

• When the orbital speed of the Earth is the fastest.

• During the time when the Earth passes Jupiter.

• When the South Pole tilts away from the Sun.

• During the time when both hemispheres have a full moon.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The period of daylight experienced each day on every part of Earth would be shorter if which one of the following changes occurred?

• Earth had a greater diameter.

• The mass of the Sun was greater.

• Earth rotated more quickly on its axis.

• The Sun was farther away from Earth.

An illustration is provided showing the the relative motions of Earth and the Sun. Seasonal variations on Earth would be significantly changed if which of the following were changed?

• The speed of rotation of Earth.

• The direction of orbit of Earth.

• The speed of rotation of the Sun.

• The angle of tilt of Earth’s axis.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The speed of the rotation of Earth has the greatest effect on which of the following?

• Length of day and night

• Path of the Moon’s orbit

• Length of a year

• Path of orbit around the Sun

Which of the following would cause the seasons on Earth to change more gradually?

• Increasing the amount of time it takes Earth to orbit the Sun.

• Increasing the number of times Earth rotates on its axis.

• Decreasing the speed of the Moon’s orbit around Earth.

• Decreasing the amount of energy the Sun emits per year.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The changing appearance of the Moon during the lunar cycle is the result of the changing -

• relative positions of Earth, the Moon and the Sun.

• Earth’s shadow on the surface of the Moon.

• amounts of light emitted by the Moon.

• gravitational pull of the Moon as it orbits Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Approximately how many days after a full moon does the new moon occur?

• 28 days

• 4 days

• 14 days

• 7 days

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

A partial calendar for May and June of 1944 are shown here with the appearance of the Moon on May 14. If soldiers wish to take advantage of moonlight for a beach landing, on which of the dates indicated on the calendar will the Moon provide the most light?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Students use the materials pictured here to create a model of the lunar cycle. The action the students must perform to demonstrate what causes the changing appearance of the Moon from Earth is -

• moving the tennis ball around the flashlight.

• covering up different amounts of the flashlight.

• moving the tennis ball around the basketball.

• moving the flashlight around the basketball.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which lunar phase will occur approximately 7 days after a first quarter moon?

• New moon

• Full moon

• Waxing crescent

• Waning Crescent

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1