Aerobic Respiration

The graph shows the changes in lactate measured in an athlete’s blood during exercise. Which hypothesis provides the most likely explanation for the curve?

• As exercise intensity increases, lactate is converted back to glucose.

• Anaerobic exercise results in high levels of lactate.

• Lactate provides energy for intense exercise.

• Under anaerobic conditions the body produces less lactate.

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A respirometer is used to measure the oxygen consumption of germinating seeds. The distance that the oil drop moves is measured at 15-minute intervals. What is the function of chemical X?

• Absorbs carbon dioxide so the oxygen released by the seeds can be measured

• Absorbs carbon dioxide so the oxygen absorbed by the seeds can be measured

• Absorbs oxygen so the carbon dioxide released by the seeds can be measured

• Absorbs oxygen so the carbon dioxide absorbed by the seeds can be measured

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What is a difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration in yeast?

• Anaerobic respiration requires enzymes, aerobic respiration does not.

• Anaerobic respiration requires glucose, aerobic respiration does not.

• Anaerobic respiration produces ethanol, aerobic respiration does not.

• Anaerobic respiration does not produce oxygen, aerobic respiration does.

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The graph shows the results of an experimental investigation that compared the rates at which lactose, glucose and galactose are broken down in the process of anaerobic cellular respiration by the yeast Torulopsis cremoris. What can be concluded from these results?

• Cellular respiration of lactose involves the production of glucose and galactose.

• The breakdown of glucose and galactose occurs more slowly in the presence of lactose.

• The rate of cellular respiration is greater for glucose than for lactose and galactose.

• The percentage of sugar remaining after 42 hours is greater for galactose than glucose.

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The diagram shows a respirometer. What solution should be in the bottom of each tube and in which direction will the manometer fluid move?

• Solution placed in the bottom of each tube: acid; direction of movement of fluid in the manometer: up on the left side

• Solution placed in the bottom of each tube: alkali; direction of movement of fluid in the manometer: down on the right side

• Solution placed in the bottom of each tube: acid; direction of movement of fluid in the manometer: up on the right side

• Solution placed in the bottom of each tube: alkali; direction of movement of fluid in the manometer: down on the left side

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Which compound is a waste product of anaerobic respiration in humans?

• Carbon dioxide

• Ethanol

• Lactate

• Pyruvate

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The diagram shows a respirometer used to measure respiration rate in germinating seeds. What is the expected direction of movement of the fluid at X and the function of the fluid at Y?

• X= down, Y=absorb CO2

• X= down, Y=produce CO2

• X= up Y=absorb CO2

• X= down, Y=absorb O2

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Yeast cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were incubated with and without glucose at three different temperatures for a period of four minutes, during which the rate of CO₂ production was measured with a CO₂ sensor. What conclusion can be drawn from the results of this experiment?

• Yeast uses lipids rather than glucose in respiration at low temperatures.

• Addition of glucose has a greater impact on rates of cell respiration at lower temperatures.

• Rates of cell respiration increase with temperature.

• More glucose is produced at higher temperatures.

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Which process causes ADP to change to ATP?

• Hydrolysis

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

• Anaerobic cell respiration

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The graph shows the changes in lactate and pyruvate measured in an athlete’s blood during and following a mild exercise period as compared to the period before the exercise. What do these curves suggest?

• Before the exercise, there was no pyruvate produced because there was no cell respiration.

• During the exercise, there was not enough oxygen available for cell respiration, so the process was partly anaerobic.

• During the exercise, the level of lactate increased due to aerobic respiration.

• After the exercise, the level of lactate decreased because there was enough pyruvate to be used for anaerobic cell respiration.

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