Mistar Science Natural Hazards

The diagram shows a belt of volcanoes on the Pacific Plate.

Which statement is true about the volcanoes on the Pacific Plate?

• As the Pacific Plate moves, the pressure beneath the individual volcanoes decreases, forcing magma towards the surface and leading to the formation of new volcanoes.

• As the Pacific Plate moves, the volcanoes and the hot spot move together, forming new, larger volcanoes

• As the Pacific Plate moves, cracks appear in the oceanic crust that fill with water and restrict the formation of new volcanoes

• As the Pacific Plate moves, the volcanoes move away from the hot spot, forming new volcanoes above the hot spot.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Use the image to answer the question.

During a class activity, a teacher showed a diagram of an earthquake to her class. The diagram has two points, P and Q, marked as shown.

How is the energy for the earthquake in the diagram generated?

• The heat created from the forces on the rocks caused them to break at a strong point along the fault, which freed stored energy as vibrations

• The heat created from the forces on the rocks caused them to break at a weak point along the fault, which freed stored energy as vibrations.

• The pressure from the forces on the rocks caused them to break at a strong point along the fault, which freed stored energy as vibrations.

• The pressure from the forces on the rocks caused them to break at a weak point along the fault, which freed stored energy as vibrations.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which evidence best supports the claim that plate tectonics cause earthquakes?

• The distribution of rocks is determined by the history of plate motions.

• A transform boundary is created when two plates slide past one another.

• Continents, if put together, fit together perfectly to form a single super continent

• Fossils on the eastern coast of South America are similar to those found on the western coast of Africa.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Three seismograph stations (1, 2, and 3) record an earthquake. A researcher plots circles on a map using the records of the seismograph stations as shown in the image. He labels the points on the intersections of the circles as P, Q, R, and S.Which letter represents the location of the epicenter of the earthquake?

• P

• Q

• R

• S

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Why do volcanoes often occur along continental-oceanic convergent tectonic plate boundaries?

• The sinking plate melts there, and molten rock escapes upward

• The plates pull apart allowing magma to rise up in the space formed

• The crust is thinner there, and molten rock easily escapes to Earth’s surface

• The force of the two plates colliding cracks the crust letting magma seep through.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

Which event usually causes tsunamis?

• typhoon or hurricane

• undersea earthquake

• volcanic eruption

• rotation of the Earth

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A student finds an image that shows the regions where researchers have recorded earthquakes of magnitudes 5.0 and above on the Richter scale between 1980 and 1990.Which claim could the student make that is supported by the data in the image

• Tectonic plates form fault lines by breaking apart

• Earthquakes cause many cracks in the tectonic plates

• Plate movements cause earthquakes along the plate boundaries

• Earthquakes occur only where tectonic plates move the most

A student reads an article about the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.The student lists several problems that may occur if a region is hit by a massive earthquake.

1. production of acid rain
2. damage of properties and lives
3. contamination of air
4. loss of electrical infrastructure
5. creation of tsunamis and landslides

Which listed problems are likely to happen during a massive earthquake?

• 1,2, and 3

• 2,4, and 5

• 1,3, and 5

• 2,3, and 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

On the global map shown, the solid lines indicate the tectonic plates.

Which location experiences more earthquake activity?

• W

• X

• Y

• Z

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which events are commonly associated with the mountains and volcanoes that surround the Pacific Ocean?

• earthquakes

• glaciers

• tornadoes

• typhoons

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2