APES Unit 1/2 Review

Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because

• they can easily hide from predators

• sunlight does not penetrate to great depths of water

• they are benthic organisms

• they feed on zooplankton which are only found in the top layers of water

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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The net primary production of an oak forest is 175,000 kcal/m2/year. and the plant respiration is estimated to be 115,000/kcal/m2/year. What is the gross primary productivity?

• 290,000 kcal/m2/year

• 175,000 kcal/m2/year

• 60,000 kcal/m2/year

• 115,000 kcal/m2/year

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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Which of the following best describes why primary succession generally occurs more slowly than secondary succession?

• primary succession is hindered by existing vegetation

• secondary succession requires pioneer species and primary succession does not

• primary succession involves the return of plants and animals, and secondary only involves return of plants

• soil must be formed during primary succession

A large forested area is fragmented into smaller forest tracts separated by agricultural areas. This change will most likely lead to

• an increase in the population of top predators

• a more stable regional climate

• a decrease in gene flow within species in the original forest

• a decrease in the amount of edge habitat

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Estuaries can be found ......

• in large freshwater ponds near the coast

• only on barrier islands

• anywhere fresh and saltwater mix

• in the mountains in high elevations

Tropical Rainforest often have

• little to no seasonal variation because of their location on the equator

• the lowest species richness of the terrestrial biomes

• extremely nutrient rich soil

• relatively low productivity because of climatic conditions

Organisms encounter periodic disruptions to their environment. Which shows a response of an animal to a periodic disturbance

• dinosaurs went extinct following a cosmic impact

• birds migrate to warmer areas during winter

• manatees move to a different cove following a severe hurricane

• a pride of lions die out after a brush fire

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which of the following statements is true about levels of biodiversity is correct

• genetic biodiversity is a measure of the total number of genes in a population

• a narrow distribution of habitats leads to an increase in species diversity.

• Global hotspots are areas where species diversity is thriving due to restoration

• A population with high genetic biodiversity is better able to respond to environmental stressors.

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What prediction is correct about island biogeography?

• Smaller islands have more resources, and will have more biodiversity

• Larger islands have more space for resources, but will have less biodiversity due to competition

• Islands closer to mainland will be more diverse due to more successful dispersal.

• There is more diversity far away from the mainland because some species fly.

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Ecological tolerance is

• the relationship in which two species live close together.

• series of gradual changes that occur in a community following a disturbance.

• any living environmental factor such a predation or competition for food.

• the range of abiotic conditions that an organism or species is able to survive in.