Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Properties

Which isotope has the greatest number of Neutrons?

• Pa-238

• U-240

• Np-238

• Pu-239

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

A neutral atom has a ground-state electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁵. The neutral atom becomes an ion during a chemical reaction. Which is the most likely charge of the ion?

• +5

• +1

• -5

• -1

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Which of the following distinguishes the isotope Carbon-12 from the isotope Carbon-14?

• Number of Neutrons in the Nucleus

• Location on the Periodic Table

• Amount of Negative Charge

• Ability to Form Ions

The element Chlorine has an isotope with an atomic mass of 34.9 amu and an abundance of 75.78%. A second isotope has an atomic mass of 36.8 amu and an abundance of 24.22%. What is the average atomic mass of Chlorine?

• 35.9 amu

• 35.4 amu

• 35.6 amu

• 36.2 amu

Which statement explains why MOST of the mass of an atom is contained in the relatively small nucleus?

• Atoms are composed of less dense subunits than the nucleus.

• Protons and neutrons have more mass than electrons.

• The nucleus is located at the center of an atom.

• Atoms are composed of mostly empty space.

Which statement describes the relationship between the nucleus of an atom and the atom itself?

• The Nucleus determines the Size of the Atom.

• The Nucleus determines the Shape of the Atom.

• The Nucleus contains most of the mass of the Atom.

• The Nucleus contains the protons and electrons of the Atom.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

Matter can be organized into the levels shown above.

What is the correct order from SMALLEST to LARGEST

• 2-4-3-1

• 3-4-1-2

• 4-2-1-3

• 2-3-4-1

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Elements are arranged on the periodic table of the elements based on various properties such as electron configuration. An ion of a group 1 (1A) element will MOST likely have an electron configuration similar to that of a neutral atom from which group?

• 2 (2A)

• 3 (3B)

• 17 (7A)

• 18 (8A)

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Fluorine is a highly reactive element. It tends to gain one electron to become more stable. How does gaining one electron make fluorine more stable?

• Stability is increased with greater mass.

• Mobility is reduced in atoms with extra electrons.

• The outer energy level becomes the same as a noble gas.

• The most stable ratio of electrons to neutrons is achieved.

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Where are electrons located in an atom?

• With the Quarks.

• With the Neutrons.

• Outside the Nucleus.

• Near the Protons.

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