8th Grade Semester 1 Finals

What are 3 parts of the cell theory and state which scientist is credited with each part?

• All organisms (living things) are made of cells.

• The cell is the basic unit of function and structure in living things.

• All cells come from pre-existing living cells.

• All cells are made made of water.

Which scientist is credited with giving us the term cell?

• Robert Hooke
• Isaac Newton
• Albert Einstein
• Louis Pasteur

What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek's major contribution to our understanding of cell theory?

• He was the first to observe and describe single-celled organisms.
• He proposed the theory of evolution.
• He discovered the structure of DNA.
• He developed the first microscope.

How does Cell Theory disprove or replace Spontaneous Generation theory?

• Cell Theory disproves Spontaneous Generation by establishing that all life comes from existing cells, not from non-living matter.
• Cell Theory states that cells can spontaneously generate from organic compounds.
• Cell Theory supports Spontaneous Generation by showing life can arise from non-living matter.
• Spontaneous Generation is proven by the existence of microorganisms in sterile environments.

Prior to Cell Theory, people thought plants and animals were completely different in structure.  How did Cell Theory show that is not true and end that debate?  

• Cell Theory proved that plants and animals are made of tissues, not cells.
• Cell Theory demonstrated that both plants and animals are made of cells, proving they share a common structural basis.
• Cell Theory indicated that only animals are composed of cells, while plants are not.
• Cell Theory suggested that plants and animals are made of different types of cells.

What are the two main types of cells?

• Animal cells and Plant cells
• Stem cells and Germ cells
• Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells
• Bacterial cells and Viral cells

Why are cells so small?

• Cells are small to ensure efficient nutrient exchange and cellular functions.
• Cells are small to avoid damage from external forces.
• Cells are small to increase their lifespan.
• Cells are small because they are less complex than larger organisms.

why do we have trillions of cells in our bodies and not just a few?

• We have a few cells because they are more efficient.
• We have trillions of cells to support the complexity and functionality of the human body.
• The body only requires a small number of cells for basic functions.
• Trillions of cells are needed to store memories.

Give 2 examples of how a living thing can achieve homeostasis.

• Fish breathe through gills to regulate oxygen levels.
• Birds migrate to find warmer climates.
• Insects change color to blend in with their environment.
• Regulation of Body Temperature (Thermoregulation) and Regulation of Body Temperature (Thermoregulation)

Living things need to breathe, eat, get and use energy, and excrete the waste products from chemical reactions.  For example, green plants use solar energy and carbon dioxide from the air to produce energy in the form of sugar through photosynthesis.  Then plants excrete oxygen as a waste product.  What is this characteristic of life called?

• Respiration
• Metabolism
• Photosynthesis
• Digestion