Unit 4 Test Review

The graph shows the altitude and temperature for different layers of Earth’s atmosphere. Based on the diagram, which of the following identifies a characteristic of the atmosphere between the stratopause and the tropopause?

• Cloud formation occurs in the stratosphere.

• The warmest air is found in the mesosphere.

• The ozone layer is in the stratosphere.

• The troposphere is the closest layer to the sun.

Which latitude shown on the diagram above experiences 24 hours of daylight on December 21?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Which of the following correctly characterizes one of Earth’s atmospheric layers?f

• Layer A is the stratosphere, where meteors are found.

• Layer B is the troposphere, where weather occurs.

• Layer C is the stratosphere, where the ozone layer is found.

• Layer D is the thermosphere, where auroras are found.

The diagram is an illustration of global atmospheric circulation. Which of the following is a biome found at 30°N and 30°S as seen in the diagram?

• Rain forests

• Tundras

• Coniferous forests

• Deserts

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The diagram is an illustration of global atmospheric circulation. Which of the following is the source of energy driving the circulation pattern labeled C in the diagram?

• The Coriolis effect

• Solar radiation

• Earth's magnetic field

• The spinning core of Earth

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The diagram is an illustration of global atmospheric circulation. Which of the following causes the air to rise high into the atmosphere in the areas labeled A, B, and C on the diagram?

• El Niño circulation patterns

• The rotation of Earth shifting the direction of the air upward

• Warm, moist air that is less dense than the surrounding air

• Rain shadows over mountain ridges

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which of the following shows the approximate concentration of CO2 , N2 , and O2 in dry air?

• CO2 - 78%, N2 - <1%, O2 - 21%

• CO2 - 43%, N2 - <1%, O2 - 56%

• CO2 - 10%, N2- 70%, O2 - 20%

• CO2 - <1%, N2 - 78%, O2 - 21%

In the desert regions of the southwestern United States, daily high and low temperatures will frequently fluctuate by 40°F (33°C) or more. Which statement below best explains the large variation in temperature?

• There are no bordering oceans or large bodies of water to provide a stabilizing humidity to the air.

• The nearby Rocky Mountain range provides a rain shadow effect in the evenings to the west.

• The flat, light-colored sand formations typical in deserts reflect light from the Sun during the day, but not at night.

• Desert plants have long tap roots that pull water from deep in the soil, cooling the desert at night.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The axis of Earth in relation to the Sun is tilted at a 23.5 degree slant, as illustrated in the diagram. If the diagram illustrates Earth’s relative position on December 21 of a given year, which of the following statements would be correct?

• The Tropic of Cancer has a shorter day and higher solar radiation intensity because there is an inverse relationship between length of day and radiation intensity.

• The Tropic of Capricorn has a shorter day and higher solar radiation intensity because there is a direct relationship between length of day and radiation intensity.

• The equator has twelve hours of daylight and the greatest solar radiation intensity because there is no direct relationship between day length and radiation intensity.

• The Tropic of Cancer has a shorter day and lower solar radiation intensity because there is a direct relationship between day length and radiation intensity.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Most of the Earth's deserts are at approximately 30° latitude, north and south, because these latitudes are characterized by

• generally warm ocean currents

• predominantly low atmospheric pressure

• descending dry air currents

• slow-moving jet streams

• enhanced solar radiation

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6