TNReady Science

The geological principle stating that the same processes that operate today also operated in the past is called

• mechanical weathering

• chemical weathering

• uniformitarianism

• soil conservation

According to the theory of plate tectonics,

• Earth’s crust consists of one single plate

• Earth’s plates move slowly and constantly

• Earth’s surface has not changed over time.

• Earth’s plates move at the same speed as Earth rotates on its axis.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift because

• They were afraid of a new idea

• Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago

• Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis.

• Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents.

The Rocky Mountains are more jagged than the Appalachian Mountains. This suggests that

• erosion has worn down the Appalachian Mountains more than the Rocky Mountains.

• more sediment has deposited on the Rocky Mountains.

• the Rocky Mountains are older.

• the Appalachian Mountains are more likely to experience landslides.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The two factors that combine to keep the planets in orbit are

• gravity and orbital speed

• orbital speed and mass

• mass and inertia

• gravity and inertia

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Marble is a rock that forms deep in Earth. Which type of rock is marble?

• Sedimentary

• igneous

• metamorphic

• strike-slip

Fossils of the freshwater reptile Mesosaurus have been found in Africa and South America. What does this evidence suggest?

• Glaciers connected Africa and South America

• Africa and South America used to be a single landmass, and they have since split apart.

• Freshwater reptiles of the past were able to swim in the salt water of the ocean

• The reptiles were driven to different parts of the world.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Natural gas is considered a nonrenewable resource because

• it takes millions of years to form

• it is very expensive to make.

• it produces pollution when burned.

• it cannot be used to generate electricity

Which type of rock forms when small particles of rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together?

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

• Strike slip

Fossil fuels are available

• wherever fossils can be found.

• only in certain parts of the world that underwent specific geologic processes in the past.

• only in locations that burn fossil fuels.

• on every continent and evenly distributed around the world.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-1