Topic 9

The Gulf Stream current shown here makes the waters of the North Atlantic __________.

• warmer

• cooler

• more dense

• less nutrient rich

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

At which location is the light from the Sun directing the most energy?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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Warm air rises at the equator and cold air sinks at the poles creating

• tornadoes

• hurricanes

• convection currents

• the Coriolis Effect

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

A land breeze is a cool breeze that blows from the land out to the sea at night. How are land breezes formed?

• Land breezes blow when Earth spins on its axis.

• Land breezes blow when the temperatures are very low.

• Land breezes blow when land loses heat and cools down fast.

• Land breezes blow when the ocean loses heat and cools down fast.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

As shown on the map, Norway and Southern Greenland on the same latitude (60° N). Why is Norway warmer than Southern Greenland in winter?

• Southern Greenland is closer to the North Pole than Norway.

• Norway has many active volcanoes which makes the weather warmer.

• Ocean currents carry heat toward Norway, but not toward Greenland.

• The North Pole is located in Greenland, making the place very cold.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The diagram shows the global wind pattern in the lower atmosphere. What is the main factor that determines the global wind pattern?

• the directions of ocean currents

• uneven landforms on Earth’s surface

• Earth's yearly revolution round the Sun

• uneven heating of Earth's surface by the Sun

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Ocean currents are caused by water's density differences. The density differences in the ocean water are due to different salt concentrations and differences in

• waves.

• temperature.

• plate tectonics.

• volcanic activity.

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In the oceans the colder water sinks into deep basins, while warmer water stays closer to the surface. The water then moves around the ocean basin. This causes

• tidal waves.

• wind drifts.

• ocean currents.

• plate tectonics.

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The movement of ocean water is caused by several processes. _________ results in the continual circulation of ocean water on a global scale.

• Wind

• Convection

• The jet stream

• Earth's rotation

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During an El Niño winter in the northern United States, we should expect

• wet, cold weather.

• blizzard-like conditions.

• extremely cold temperatures.

• warmer than usual temperatures.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5