Gravity in the Universe

Which force keeps the planets from floating off into space?

• the Sun’s gravity

• Earth’s gravity

• the moon’s gravity

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

What do the red arrows in the picture mean?

• The moon would not stay in orbit without the pull of Earth's gravity.

• The moon will move away from Earth because of inertia.

• The moon moves toward the Sun due to gravity.

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When two objects are near each other, how would increasing one object’s mass affect it?

• The gravitational force of the object would increase.

• The weight of the object would decrease.

• The mass of the object would be stronger than gravity.

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At which location would an object’s weight be the greatest?

• Earth

• Moon

• Mars

• Pluto

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Which statement explains how planets move in orbit as supported by Newton’s first law of motion?

• Planets in motion will have a constant speed unless acted on by an outside force.

• Planets can change the direction of their own orbital path.

• Planets can change orbits due to their inertia.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

In addition to how much force Earth exerts on the object, which features of an object affect its weight?

• mass and location of the object

• how much energy the object has

• the shape of the object

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Which description explains how inertia changes the effects of gravity on objects in the solar system?

• prevents planets from pulling into one another

• pulls asteroids toward Earth

• keeps the Sun stationary

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Which statement describes how Earth compares to the moon?

• Earth has more inertia than the moon.

• The moon rotates at a constant speed while Earth’s speed varies.

• Earth and the moon will not change their motion when acted on by a force.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-5

According to Newton’s first law, which characteristic of a moving object would remain constant if there were no other forces acting on it?

• velocity

• shape

• size

Which statement explains how gravity and inertia work together?

• They change the motion of objects

• They keep all objects moving at the same speed.

• They prevent objects from moving in a circular motion.

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