The main global contributing factors to greenhouse gas emissions are

Electricity production and transportation

In the oceans, upwellings occur when large volumes of water from great depths come up to the surface bringing nutrients with it. Upwelling, therefore, generate

High primary productivity of marine algae

Low primary productivity of marine algae

Using the graph, which of the following is the most likely cause of the recent trend noted for all three gases?

Increased combustion of fossil fuels

Increased burning of wood and biomass for fuel

Increasing number of livestock being raised

More materials being disposed of in landfills

Using the graph, what are the repercussions of this trend on the environment?

Overall changes in climate patterns around the world, including more severe weather events.

Decreased sedimentation in benthic zones

Increased growth of vegetation on a global scale.

Growth of ice coverage over most of the Earth

What is one way in which carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced?

Use alternative, renewable sources of energy.

Sequester carbon in the lithosphere.

Reduce the number of livestock globally

Keep ocean temperatures more constant.

Burning fossil fuels coupled with deforestation increases the amount of ___________________ in the atmosphere.

All of the above is/are correct

Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels

are about 30% higher than they were at the time of the Industrial Revolution (and the highest they've been in the past 800,000 years).

are about 10% higher than they were at the time of the Industrial Revolution (and the highest they've been in the past 800,000 years).

are about the same as they were at the time of the Industrial Revolution

are slightly lower than they were eat the time of the Industrial Revolution.

Are significantly lower than they were at the time of the Industrial revolution.

Which of the following statements about the carbon cycle is true?

Carbon transfer from photosynthesis is in a steady state with respiration and decomposition.

The majority of dead biomass is accumulated in sedimentation.

Combustion of carbon is equivalent in mass to sedimentation.

Most of the carbon entering the oceans is from terrestrial ecosystems.

Carbon exchange between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems is primarily an abiotic process.

How does the burning of fossil fuels contribute to the net increase in atmospheric carbon?

Carbon that has been sequestered underground is added to the carbon cycling between the atmosphere and the biosphere.

Photosynthesis is reduced by virtue of increased smoke and haze.

Carbon released by the burning is not in a form that can be readily absorbed by plants, leaving residual carbon in the atmosphere.

Carbon released by the burning is more easily absorbed in the atmosphere than that produced by natural means.

Cultural eutrophication is a result of

excess nutrients entering aquatic environments from sources such as sewage and fertilizers

a mixing of multiple cultures in one area

Excess nutrients entering aquatic environments from weathering rocks

Nitrogen fixation is a necessary part of the nitrogen cycle because

Atmospheric nitrogen cannot be used directly by organisms

There is not enough nitrogen in the atmosphere

Nitrogen needs to be combined with phosphorus

Bacteria needs to be created to help with plant growth

Nitrogen in the soil needs to be fixed to go back to the atmosphere

The use of nitrogen-based fertilizers in the Midwestern United States is a major contributing factor to which of the following?

Water shortages in communities near the Great Lakes

The increase in severe storms in the Southeastern United States

A field is abandoned, and an invasive plant that can live in nutrient-poor soil moves into the field. If the land is later cleared of this invasive species and it is discovered that the soil has an abundance of nitrogen compounds, what conclusion can best be made?

Bacteria in soil and in root nodules converted free nitrogen into nitrogen compounds.

The plants used up all of the phosphorus and potassium and left the nitrogen behind.

Primary succession always produces an abundance of nitrogen.

The plants were able to produce nitrogen in their leaves.

More rock was weathered and broken down to release nitrogen compounds.

In the nitrogen fixation cycle, cyanobacteria in the soil and water and Rhizobium bacteria in root systems are responsible for converting

organic material to ammonia and ammonium ions

ammonia, ammonium ions, and nitrate ions to DNA, amino acids, and proteins

ammonia and nitrite ions to nitrate ions

nitrogen and hydrogen gas to ammonia

All of the following have an impact on the nitrogen cycle EXCEPT

slashing and burning of tropical areas

the discharge of municipal waste into waterways

the production of fertilizers using the Haber-Bosch process

Ecology and Biogeologic Cycles

Authored by Charles Martinez

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11th Grade

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Humans are disrupting the carbon cycle in ways that have resulted in increased levels of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Which of the following human activities are most directly responsible for this increase?

I. Deforestation and the clearing of plants that absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis.

II. The addition of larger amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas).

III. The production of cement.

I and III only

I, II and III

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which of the following is NOT true regarding oxygen?

Oxygen gas is a natural occurring gas in the atmosphere.

Oxygen gas is a byproduct of photosynthesis.

Oxygen gas is a reactant in cellular respiration.

Oxygen gas is the largest component of the atmosphere.

Oxygen gas is a highly reactive molecule

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

The release of this element into the atmosphere is due, in large part, to fossil fuel combustion and deforestation.

Sulfur

Nitrogen

Carbon

Phosphorus

All of the above cycles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which of the following has shifted the storage of carbon from sediment to the atmosphere?

Mining of coal

Combustion of fossil fuels

Increased occurrence of acid precipitation

Extraction of crude oil

Industrial smog

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

One way in which scientists study climate change is through the analysis of gases in ice core samples. What information does this tell us about the climate?

The impact of changing sea levels on the climate.

The frequency of thermal inversions in the atmosphere.

Greenhouse gas concentrations, atmospheric composition, and trends in atmospheric temperature.

The rate of solidification of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Nothing. This not a way to study climate change.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which of the following best describes the process of photosynthesis?

Oxygen, water, and solar energy are used to produce carbon dioxide and sugar.

Oxygen, sugar, and solar energy are used to produce carbon dioxide and water.

Carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy are used to produce oxygen and sugar.

Carbon dioxide and oxygen combine to from water and sugar.

Carbon dioxide and water are used to produce oxygen, sugar and more carbon dioxide.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

2 mins • 1 pt

Which of the following greenhouse gases are most abundant in the atmosphere?

Carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane

Carbon monoxide and methane.

Methane, water vapor, and sulfur dioxide.

Sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide.

Carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.

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Ecology and Biogeologic Cycles

Humans are disrupting the carbon cycle in ways that have resulted in increased levels of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Which of the following human activities are most directly responsible for this increase?

Which of the following is NOT true regarding oxygen?

The release of this element into the atmosphere is due, in large part, to fossil fuel combustion and deforestation.

Which of the following has shifted the storage of carbon from sediment to the atmosphere?

One way in which scientists study climate change is through the analysis of gases in ice core samples. What information does this tell us about the climate?

Which of the following best describes the process of photosynthesis?

Which of the following greenhouse gases are most abundant in the atmosphere?

The main global contributing factors to greenhouse gas emissions are

Which of the following is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmopshere?

Which of the following is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

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