The History of Planet Earth (MS-LS4-1, ESS1-4)

What is Relative Dating?

• A method used to determine the age of rocks and fossils by comparing their placement in layers.

• A technique for dating artifacts based on carbon-14 levels.

• A process of determining the exact age of a rock or fossil in years.

• A way to classify rocks based on their mineral content.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

What role do fossils play in understanding Earth's history?

• Fossils are used to date rocks and determine their age.

• Fossils provide evidence of past life and help scientists understand the evolution of species.

• Fossils are primarily used for creating art and decoration.

• Fossils indicate the presence of oil and gas reserves.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What are the two main methods used for determining the age of rocks and fossils?

• Relative and Absolute Dating

• Carbon Dating and Uranium Dating

• Stratigraphic and Radiometric Dating

• Thermoluminescence and Electron Spin Resonance

What is the Geologic Time Scale?

• A timeline that organizes Earth's history into different periods based on significant geological and biological events.

• A method for measuring the age of rocks using radiometric dating.

• A scale used to determine the size of geological formations.

• A chart that lists all known minerals and their properties.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

What is the significance of sedimentary rock layers in geology?

• They provide a record of Earth's history and the sequence of events over time.

• They are formed only in volcanic regions.

• They contain no fossils or organic material.

• They are the oldest type of rock on Earth.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

What are some examples of organisms that became abundant after the dinosaurs went extinct?

• Reptiles

• Mammals

• Amphibians

• Fungi

How do scientists use carbon dating?

• To determine the age of organic materials by measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining.

• To measure the temperature of ancient artifacts.

• To analyze the chemical composition of rocks.

• To estimate the weight of fossils.

What is a mass extinction event?

• A gradual increase in biodiversity on Earth.

• A widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity on Earth, often leading to the extinction of many species.

• A significant rise in the population of a single species.

• A temporary decline in the number of species due to environmental changes.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

How do scientists describe the changes in living organisms throughout geological time?

• Organisms have become more complex and diverse.

• Organisms have remained unchanged over time.

• Organisms have become less complex and more uniform.

• Organisms have only adapted to their environments.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What is the principle of superposition?

• In an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rocks, the oldest layers are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top.

• The layers of sedimentary rocks are formed in random order without any specific sequence.

• The principle that states all geological processes are uniform over time.

• The concept that sedimentary rocks are always deposited in horizontal layers.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-4