Topic 8 Savvas Review

After viewing the graph of World Population Growth, Chen notices a change

that happened over the past few decades. She knows there is a reason for this

change. What is this kind of change called?

• birth rate

• exponential growth

• population constraint

• overpopulation

Jamarr moved to a new home with his family in an area that had been cleared

for the subdivision. More ground is being cleared for a supermarket and other

stores. He understands the need for new homes, but he also realizes that

human activity has an impact on the land and its resources. Which human

activities negatively affect the environment? Choose the three that apply.

• conserving renewable resources

• destroying habitats

• overexploitation of organisms for food

• sustainable land use

• digging deeper for fossil fuels

Lucy reads some interesting facts about populations and their growth. She

understands that a growing population has needs, including space, fresh water,

and sufficient food. She learns that around 1.8 billion people in the world are

ages 10 to 24, which is a large population of young people. She also reads that

52% of the total world’s population is under 30 years of age. What possible

consequence can come of a continually growing population?

• decreased birth rate

• human constraints

• sustainable growth

• overpopulation

Scott and his family recently moved to a large city, where the air sometimes

looks hazy from smog. These four steps could result in the formation of this

smog:

1. Ozone forms.

2. Polluting gases react with sunlight.

3. Temperature inversion traps pollution.

4. Cars emit hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.

Which answer shows the order in which these steps occur?

• 1, 2, 3, 4

• 1, 2, 4, 3

• 4, 1, 2, 3

• 4, 2, 1, 3

A company understands that it has a responsibility to minimize air pollution

from its factories. What are effective ways the company can reduce the

pollutants produced by the factories? Choose the three statements that apply.

• Place devices that remove emissions in the factory smokestacks.

• Reduce the number of temperature inversions that trap pollutants.

• Use low-emission trucks to move products from one place to

  another.

• Use hydroelectric or wind energy sources instead of coal.

Ouch! Whitney went swimming yesterday and came home with a severe sunburn. Her brother

explained to her that the lack of ozone in the atmosphere may have made her sunburn worse.

He drew this diagram of the ozone cycle to illustrate what he was talking about.

Examine the diagram. Which statement best explains why a hole in the ozone

layer of the atmosphere can cause health problems, such as sunburn or skin

cancer?

• The hole itself absorbs additional UV radiation.

• UV radiation, which causes sunburn, is absorbed by the ozone

  cycle.

• The hole is caused by too much UV radiation reaching Earth at that

  location.

• Less ozone in the ozone layer allows more UV radiation to reach

  Earth's surface.

Examine the diagram, and explain what happens during each step (A–D) of

the cycle by selecting the appropriate answer.

• In step A, UV radiation from the sun strikes an ozone molecule. In

  step B, the ozone molecule is broken up into an oxygen molecule and an

  oxygen atom. In step C, an oxygen molecule and an oxygen atom come

  together. In step D, another ozone molecule forms.

• In step A, UV radiation from the sun strikes an ozone atom. In

  step B, the ozone atom is broken up into an oxygen molecule and an

  oxygen atom. In step C, an oxygen atom and another oxygen atom come

  together. In step D, another ozone molecule forms.

Jackie lives in a newly-built housing development. Which statement

best explains why most of the residents are having problems with

insects and mice in their homes?

• The land where the houses were built underwent deforestation.

• Building houses has taken away habitats and the animals have not

  yet relocated.

• The animals are relying on products from the new houses for food

  and shelter.

• Building the houses reversed the order of the layers of soil in that

  location.

Tropical rainforests are important to the entire world because they produce oxygen and

remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. They also provide a habitat for organisms that

do not live anywhere else. One concern about the environment is the destruction of

rainforests because people want to use the land for other purposes. To effectively use the

rainforest for other purposes, trees should be (clear cut / uncut / cut into building

materials / selectively cut).

Concerns about soil management are not the same in all climates.

Suppose you own a farm in the state of Washington, where there is a lot

of rain throughout the year. Which two issues would be of major

concern in managing the soil on your farm?

• erosion

• desertification

• nutrient depletion

• nonrenewable resources