Unit 2 Energy

Engineers studying the effects of collisions on automobile frames observed that a collision between a car and a steel post caused a small amount of damage when the car was moving at 2.0 m/s but significant damage when the car was moving at 10 m/s. What change in the collision explains the difference in damage to the car?

• The car that was moving faster had more kinetic energy.

• There was more friction between the car and the post at the higher speed.

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Joelle noticed that when she uses the brakes on her bicycle while she is traveling at a slow speed, she stops moving immediately. When she is riding much faster, it takes more time for the bike to come to a stop after she applies the brakes. Which is the BEST explanation for this observation?

• Moving at higher speeds increases the mass of the bike so it require more energy to stop its motion.

• Joelle and her bike have more kinetic energy at higher speeds.

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A student pushed a rock from the top of the hill. What type of energy change occurred after the rock was pushed?

• Kinetic energy was converted to electrical energy

• Potential energy was converted to kinetic energy

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A roller coaster is climbing up the highest hill on its track. At which point will the front car of the coaster MOST likely have its greatest potential energy?

• At the bottom of the highest hill

• At the top of the highest hill

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What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy?

• Potential energy is the energy of an object due to its position, while kinetic energy is energy due to its motion.

• Potential energy is the energy of an object due to an applied force, while kinetic energy is energy stored after the applied force.

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The sun produces energy through

• Chemical reactions

• Nuclear fusion

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A ball rolls across the floor and slows down to a stop. Which force caused the ball to slow down?

• Gravity

• Friction

How does potential energy transfer to kinetic energy?

• Potential energy cannot become kinetic energy.

• When an outside force acts upon the object and causes it to move.

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What is the correct energy transformation in a hot air balloon?

• Chemical>Thermal>Kinetic

• Kinetic>Mechanical>Light

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What is the correct energy transformation in a flashlight?

• Electrical>Mechanical>Light

• Chemical>Electrical>Light