AP Bio Chapter 17

Which of the following terms does not directly pertain to translation?

• anticodon

• tRNA

• DNA

• polypeptide

• rRNA

The template strand of a given gene includes the sequence 3′-GCCACGTATCA-5′. What is the sequence of the nontemplate strand?

• 3′-CGGTGCATAGT-5′

• 5′-CGGTGCATAGT-3'

• 5′-CGGUGCAUAGU-3'

• 3′-CGGUGCAUAGU-5'

Which of the following is the best example of gene expression?

• A frog adapts to variation in its environmental temperature

• Mouse fur color results from pigment formed by gene-encoded enzymes

• DNA is replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle

• The percent of A versus a alleles in a population is altered by natural selection

• Mutation alters the sequence of a region of DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

In the transcription process shown here, in which process order (1, 2, or 3) does the RNA polymerase bind to the promoter, in which is the RNA transcript released, and in which is the RNA transcript extended?

• 1, 2, 3

• 2, 3, 1

• 3, 2, 1

• 1, 3, 2

Which of the following components does not form part of the transcription initiation complex at a eukaryotic promoter?

• TATA box

• start point

• transfer RNA

• transcription factors

• RNA polymerase

Which of the following is a modification made to eukaryotic mRNA before it is exported to the cytosol? (Select all that apply)

• The 5′ end is capped

• A poly-A tail is added to the 3′ end

• Introns are removed

• Exons are joined together

• Small ribosomal subunit binds

Which of the following statements comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription is not true?

• Part of the RNA polymerase specifically recognizes and binds to the promoter in bacteria; in eukaryotes, transcription factors mediate the binding of polymerase

• The RNA transcript is immediately usable as mRNA;

  in eukaryotes, the RNA transcript is processed

• RNA polymerase requires a primer in bacteria; in eukaryotes, it does not

• Eukaryotic transcription has a polyadenylation signal sequence; in prokaryotes, a transcription terminator causes the polymerase to detach and release the transcript

Which of the following is incorrectly identified in this illustration of a tRNA?

• A: 5′ and 3′ ends

• B: hydrogen bond

• C: amino acid attachment site

• D: anticodon loop

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is an enzyme whose function is to _____.

• link a tRNA to its corresponding amino acid

• remove introns from a pre-RNA transcript

• cause the RNA polymerase to detach from the DNA

• join together RNA nucleotides complementary to the DNA template strand

The nontemplate strand of a portion of a gene reads

5′-TTCACTGGTTCA. What is the sequence of the resulting transcript for this portion?

• 5′-AAGUGACCAAGU

• 5′-UGAACCAGUGAA

• 5′-UUCACUGGUUCA

• 5′-ACUUGGUCACTT