Physical Science Emily Bach

Enzo is pushing his brother on a swing. The diagram below show the force that Enzo applies to make the swing move. Enzo's brother says that he wants his feet to go higher. Which of these would be best for Enzo to do?

• push the swing with less force

• push the swing with more force

• push the swing with a downward force

• push the swing in the opposite direction

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Two race cars with the same mass started moving on a race track at the same time. One car reached the finish line of the track in 15 sec., and the other reached the finish line in 20 sec. Why did the cars take different amounts of time to reach the finish line?

• The force of gravity slowed one car, but not the other car.

• The slower car did not experience any force, so it moved more slowly.

• The forces on one car were balanced and on the other car unbalanced.

• The engine of the faster car exerted more force than the engine of the other car.

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In science class, Jeremy pulled on a spring scale in the direction shown by the arrow in the illustration. The scale was attached by a string to a block that had weights on top of it. The block was on a smooth table. How could Jeremy decrease the amount of force needed to cause the block to move?

• Pull harder on the spring scale.

• Add more wights on top of the block.

• Place a piece of sandpaper between the block and the table.

• Place a piece of waxed paper between the block and the table.

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The following illustration shows the forces that are acting on a box. What type of motion will the forces cause?

• The box will remain in its current postion.

• The box will move downward in a straight line.

• The will move to the right in a straight line.

• The box will move back and forth between left and right.

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Look at the objects in the picture. Which of the following physical properties is the same for all the objects?

• hardness

• shape

• size

• texture

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Suri places magnets on three identical toy cats to give them different masses. Then, Suri measure how far each car rolls when she launches it from the same starting point using the same stretched rubber band. The three toy cars are pictured in the illustration. How will the force of the rubber band affect the cars?

• Car 3 will travel the longest distance.

• Car 1 will travel the shortest distance.

• Car 3 will have the least change in its motion.

• Car 1 will have the greatest change in its motion.

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Miriam has a standard golf ball and a lightweight golf ball. Each golf ball is struck with the same amount of force. Which statement is most likely true?

• The lightest ball would travel the farthest.

• The heaviest ball would travel the farthest.

• Both balls would travel the same distance.

• Both balls would travel to the same height.

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Two balloons contain the same amounts of water, sugar, and yeast. Two other balloons contain the same amount of water, but have no sugar or yeast. The picture shows the balloons. Which balloon would you predict will get bigger the fastest?

• Balloon 1

• Balloon 2

• Balloon 3

• Balloon 4

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Jacob put yeast into two bowls of water and added a little sugar to each bowl. He put one bowl in a warm place and the other bowl in the refrigerator. After a while, Jacob observed tan-colored foam spilling over the sides of the warm bowl. What kind of change is this?

• physical change

• chemical change

• scientific change

• geological change

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Jessica takes care of her house and yard. She has to do something with the plant and animal wastes she collects. The picture shows where she puts the waste materials. How is the object in the picture an example of a place where chemical changes occur?

• The wastes change their mass.

• The wastes change into completely new substances.

• The wastes change into materials with the same properties.

• The wastes change their physical properties, such as shape.

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