Structures and Functions of the Human Body

These begin the process of mechanical digestion and provide additional structure to the jaw

• long bones

• kidneys

• teeth

• bladder

These remove wastes from the blood and transfer them into urine

• veins

• alveoli

• rectum

• kidneys

Nutrients are absorbed from food and go into the blood here

• small intestine

• rib cage

• bladder

• large intestine

This holds solid waste before it is expelled from the body

• capillaries

• rectum

• liver

• windpipe (trachea)

This tube connects the throat and nose to the smaller tubes that lead into the lungs

• rib cage

• esophagus

• windpipe (trachea)

• arteries

These are tiny air sacs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place

• heart

• lungs

• nose and mouth

• alveoli

This signals the body to react to changes in the environment, such as danger or the smell of food

• brain

• stomach

• liver

• spinal cord

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These sense the outside world and communicate with the rests of the body's systems

• kidneys

• nerves

• spinal cord

• capillaries

This pump works every minute of life

• bladder

• capillaries

• heart

• rib cage

These blood vessels carry blood toward the heart

• arteries

• capillaries

• alveoli

• veins