Earthquakes Earth Science Review

What happens when stress builds at faults?

• Energy is absorbed.

• Rock can bend and break.

• Plates form on the lithosphere.

• Earthquakes develop at Earth's surface.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which statement describes the focus of an earthquake?

• It creates stress in a rock.

• It develops in the lithosphere.

• It lies above the surface where rock breaks.

• It begins about 5 kilometers below Earth's surface.

Which phrase describes a feature of an earthquake's epicenter?

• starting point of an earthquake

• place around the center of an earthquake

• region directly above the focus

• point about 100 kilometers deep in the lithosphere

How are S and P waves similar?

• They both shake the ground.

• They both travel through liquids.

• They arrive at the same time.

• They both vibrate from side to side.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

Which statement describes P waves?

• They start as surface waves.

• They travel through liquids.

• They vibrate from side to side.

• They move slower than S waves.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

Which statement describes S waves?

• They move side to side.

• They arrive before P waves.

• They travel through liquids.

• They occur at Earth's surface.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Which statement describes the Mercalli scale?

• This scale measures seismic waves based on their size.

• This scale rates an earthquake according to how much damage it causes.

• This scale produces a single rating for earthquakes that reach the surface.

• This scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake based on the size of the seismic waves.

Which statement describes the Richter scale?

• It cannot account for fault movement during an earthquake.

• It measures large earthquakes far from the seismograph.

• It estimates the total energy released from an earthquake.

• It increases in magnitude as amount of damage increases.

Which statement describes a seismograph?

• It has a flat graphing surface.

• It is used to locate an earthquake’s focus.

• It uses a needle on graph paper to measure seismic wave activity.

• It measures data used to find the difference between the arrival times of surface waves.

The diagram shows circles drawn by geologists trying to determine the location of an earthquake’s epicenter. What does each star on the map represent?

• location of an epicenter

• location of a focus

• location of a seismograph

• location of a wave

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2