Unit 6 Gene Expression and Regulation Vocab

Three-base sequence in a tRNA molecule base that pairs with a complementary sequence in mRNA.

• anticodon
• codon
• gene
• allele

Term that describes how the two strands of DNA run in opposite directions

• antiparallel
• semiconservative
• leading
• lagging

Three-base sequence in mRNA that codes for a particular amino acid during translation.

• codon
• anticodon
• gene
• allele

When two bacteria exchange genetic material directly through attaching pili to one another.

• conjunction
• transduction
• transformation

Change in chromosome structure in which a segment is lost.

• deletion
• duplication
• inversion
• translocation

Enzyme that links DNA fragments on the lagging strands.

• DNA ligase
• DNA polymerase
• RNA polymerase
• DNA primase

During replication, an enzyme that adds complementary DNA nucleotides to a newly forming strand.

• DNA polymerase
• DNA ligase
• RNA polymerase
• topoisomerase

The enzyme that adds short RNA primer segments during DNA replication.

• DNA primase
• DNA ligase
• topoisomerase
• DNA polymerase

Change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome.

• duplication
• nondisjunction
• inversion
• translocation

An inheritance pattern in which a chromosome has been modified by methylation or acetylation, but the nucleotide sequence is unchanged.

• epigenetics
• translocation
• substitution
• frameshift