Comparative Anatomy

Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?

• The function of these bones is the same in all animals
• They live in similar environments
• They have a common ancestor
• All organisms resemble humans

Bird wings and butterfly wings are an example of

• Homologous structure
• Analogous structure
• Mimicry
• Camoflague

Individuals with favorable traits survive, reproduce, and pass their traits onto their offspring. This is called

• Mutation
• Adaptation
• Evolution
• Natural Selection

Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with comparing similar structures in various species?

• fossil record
• comparing embryology
• comparing biochemistry
• comparing anatomy

Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with structures common in embryos that form differently or for different purposes in adult form?

• fossil record
• comparing embryology
• comparing biochemistry
• comparing anatomy

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as

• vestigial structures
• analogous structures
• homologous structures
• fossil structures

If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)

• close relative
• early ancestor
• unrelated organism
• embryological stage

The hind leg bones in a whale are examples of

• homologous structures
• analogous structures
• fossils
• vestigal structures

The structures shown are_________

• homologous
• heterologous
• analogous
• vestigial

Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development

• natural selection
• embryology
• speciation
• evolution