What happens when water flows through a dam?

Potential energy transforms to kinetic energy

Kinetic energy transforms to potential energy

Heat energy transforms to light energy

Chemical energy transforms to nuclear energy

What characterizes high-quality energy?

It is concentrated with high capacity for work

How is temperature related to particle motion?

Higher temperature means faster particle motion

Higher temperature means slower particle motion

Temperature has no effect on particle motion

Temperature only affects solid particles

What determines wavelength in electromagnetic radiation?

The distance between wave peaks or troughs

What role does solar energy play in sustainability?

It is an essentially inexhaustible energy source

It has no effect on climate systems

What does the first law of thermodynamics state?

Energy is neither created nor destroyed during physical or chemical changes.

Energy is created and destroyed during physical or chemical changes.

Energy quality improves during transformations.

Energy is always converted to high-quality energy.

According to the second law of thermodynamics, what happens to energy quality during transformations?

Energy quality remains the same.

Why can't high-quality energy be recycled or reused according to the passage?

It is converted into low-quality energy and disperses as heat.

It is converted into high-temperature heat.

It is stored in the environment for future use.

It is transformed into more useful forms.

An example of potential energy is ____.

the chemical energy in a candy bar

a bullet fired at high velocity

a leaf blowing in the wind a tree

electricity flowing through a wire

Mason, Liam, and Samuel are having a heated debate about the laws of thermodynamics during their science club meeting. They are stuck on the first law. Can you help them out? Which statement best describes the first law of thermodynamics?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Solar energy is converted into chemical energy in living systems.

Some energy always dissipates during physical and chemical changes.

Heat is a form of kinetic energy.

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

Imagine Benjamin, Mia, and Emma are in a science lab experimenting with energy conversion. They recall that the second law of thermodynamics says that whenever energy is converted from one form to another in a physical or chemical change, ____.

some high-quality energy is converted into low-quality energy

energy is lost as electromagnetic waves

the second form of energy will always be kinetic

matter is not created nor destroyed

some matter is lost to the surrounding environment

ES 2.3 Reading

Passage

•

Science

•

9th - 12th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Medium

•

NGSS

MS-PS3-4, MS-PS3-5, MS-PS1-4

+12

Standards-aligned

Robert Oliver

Used 2+ times

FREE Resource

32 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the scientific definition of work?

The amount of energy stored in an object

When an object is moved a certain distance

The capacity to generate heat

The transfer of potential to kinetic energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following best defines energy?

The movement of particles in space

The capacity to do work

The transfer of heat between objects

The storage of potential force

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is kinetic energy?

Energy stored in chemical bonds

Energy in stationary objects

Energy associated with motion

Energy contained in food

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which example represents thermal energy?

A book on a shelf

Total kinetic energy of moving atoms in matter

Water behind a dam

Sunlight reaching Earth

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How does heat transfer occur between objects?

From cooler to warmer objects

Randomly between objects

From warmer to cooler objects

Only through electromagnetic radiation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is electromagnetic radiation?

Energy stored in chemical bonds

Heat transfer between objects

Energy traveling as waves

Motion of particles in matter

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the primary source of energy that fuels Earth's processes?

Wind energy

Nuclear energy

Solar energy

Geothermal energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

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32 questions

What is the scientific definition of work?

Which of the following best defines energy?

What is kinetic energy?

Which example represents thermal energy?

How does heat transfer occur between objects?

What is electromagnetic radiation?

What is the primary source of energy that fuels Earth's processes?

Which is an example of potential energy?

What happens when water flows through a dam?

What characterizes high-quality energy?

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