Circulatory/Respiratory System Review

Inhaled air passes through which of the following structures last?

• bronchus

• trachea

• pharynx

• bronchiole

• larynx

The voice box is also known as the

• pharynx

• larynx

• epiglottis

• trachea

• glottis

If the trachea and esophagus were completely separate in humans, which of the following would NOT be needed?

• swallowing

• a nose

• an epiglottis

• a diaphragm

• all are correct

Two muscular structures control air pressure inside the lungs. Changes in air pressure cause air to move into and out of the lungs. Inhalation is the result of

• contraction of the diaphragm and pleural membranes

• contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

• relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

• relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

• none of these

Which of the following transport oxygen in humans

• hemoglobin

• melanin

• keratin

• urea

• bicarbonate ions

What is the term for the area at the back of the throat that is a common passageway for both food and air

• larynx

• pharynx

• trachea

• epiglottis

• esphagus

Which structure controls the heartbeat?

• AV node

• pacemaker cells

• left ventricle

• left atrium

• right ventricle

Which of the following occurs during diastole?

• The atria fill with blood

• Blood flows into the ventricles

• The elastic recoil of the arteries maintains blood pressure

• The semilunar valves are closed but the AV valves are open

• All of these things occur

What causes the semilunar valves to open?

• contraction of the ventricles

• contraction of the atria

• stimulation of the SA node

• backflow of blood in the aorta and pulmonary artery during diastole

• contraction of the cardiac muscle that makes up the valves

Which structure prevents the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria?

• AV valves

• septum

• sinoatrial node

• atrioventricular node

• superior vena cava